Floyd Patterson (with Milton Gross) - Victory over myself Bernard Geis Associates, Random house, 1962. Prvo izdanje / First edition Tvrd povez, zastitni omot pohaban i lepljen za knjigu, 244 strane, ilustrovano, rashod Americke citaonice (sto ce reci da je knjiga pecatirana). SVE KNJIGE PRVOG IZDANJE IMAJU POTPIS FLOJDA PETERSONA, SREBRNIM MASTILOM NA CRNOM FORZECU! Potpis, autogram Flojda Petersona. U trenutku kada je osvojio titulu u teškoj kategoriji bio je najmlađi bokser kome je to pošlo za rukom, kasnije su njegov rekord oborili Mohamed Ali i Majk Tajson, ali će Peterson zauvek ostati upamćen kao prvi bokser koji je uspeo da povrati titulu u teškoj kategoriji. Postao je svetski šampion 1956, kada je u meču za upražnjenu titulu zbog povlačenja Rokija Marćana, nokautirao Arčija Mura. Izgubio je pojas 1959, pošto ga je na `Jenki stadionu` u Njujorku nokautirao Ingemar Johanson. Peterson mu je uzvratio istom merom godinu dana kasnije, a onda je, u trećem meču, posle devet meseci, nokautirao Šveđanina još jednom. Konačno, titulu mu je oduzeo Soni Liston, 1962. godine i to posle nokauta u prvoj rundi u Čikagu. Do povlačenja 1972. godine, Flojd Peterson je imao još tri prilike da povrati titulu u teškoj kategoriji, ali su ga u tome sprečili Liston - još jednom i Mohamed Ali - dva puta. U poslednjoj borbi u karijeri, Ali ga je pobedio tehničkim nokautom u sedmoj rundi. Flojd Peterson je profesionalnu karijeru okončao sa skorom od 55 pobeda (40 nokautom), 8 poraza i jednim nerešenim ishodom. Kao amater, osvojio je zlatnu medalju na Olimpijskim igrama u Helsinkiju 1952. godine, ali u lakoteškoj kategoriji, u kojoj je boksovao i kao profesionalac do 1956. Floyd Patterson (January 4, 1935 – May 11, 2006) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1952 to 1972, and twice reigned as the world heavyweight champion between 1956 and 1962. At the age of 21, he became the youngest boxer in history to win the title, and was also the first heavyweight to regain the title after losing it. As an amateur, he won a gold medal in the middleweight division at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He is recognised as one of the best heavyweights of all time.[4][5][6] In 1956 and 1960, Patterson was voted Fighter of the Year by The Ring magazine and the Boxing Writers Association of America. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1991. Early life Born January 4, 1935,[7] into a poor family in Waco, North Carolina, Patterson was one of eleven children. Savannah Joe Patterson was his first cousin from out of Arkansas, he went and visited during the early summer years. He experienced an insular and troubled childhood. His family moved to Brooklyn, New York, where Floyd was a truant and a petty thief. At age 10, he was sent to the Wiltwyck School for Boys, a reform school in West Park, New York, which he credited with turning his life around. He stayed there for almost two years. He attended high school in New Paltz, New York, where he succeeded in all sports.[8] Patterson took up boxing at age fourteen, and was training with the Bedford-Stuyvesant Boxing Association Gym.[9] Three years later, he won the gold medal in the 1952 Helsinki Olympics as a middleweight. In 1952, he won the National Amateur Middleweight Championship and New York Golden Gloves Middleweight Championship.[10] At that time he was spotted by Cus D`Amato, and trained at the Gramercy Gym. Patterson`s younger brother Raymond (born 1942) also became a professional heavyweight boxer and has lived in Gothenburg, Sweden, since 1965 and has worked as a truck driver at Volvo Lastvagnar after his boxing career.[11] Olympic results Round of 16: Defeated Omar Tebakka (France) on points, 3–0 Quarterfinal: Defeated Leonardus Jansen (Netherlands) by a first-round stoppage Semifinal: Defeated Stig Sjölin (Sweden) by disqualification in the third round Defeated Vasile Tiță (Romania) by a first-round knockout Patterson`s amateur record was 40 wins (37 by knockout) and 4 defeats. Patterson carried his hands higher than most boxers, in front of his face. Sportswriters called Patterson`s style a `peek-a-boo` stance. Professional career Patterson turned pro and steadily rose through the ranks, his only early defeat being an eight-round decision to former light heavyweight champion Joey Maxim on June 7, 1954, at the Eastern Parkway Arena in Brooklyn, New York. Championship Patterson in 1957 Although Patterson fought around the light heavyweight limit for much of his early career, he and manager Cus D`Amato always had plans to fight for the Heavyweight Championship. In fact, D`Amato made these plans clear as early as 1954, when he told the press that Patterson was aiming for the heavyweight title.[12] However, after Rocky Marciano announced his retirement as World Heavyweight Champion on April 27, 1956, Patterson was ranked by The Ring magazine as the top light heavyweight contender. After Marciano`s announcement, Jim Norris of the International Boxing Club stated that Patterson was one of the six fighters who would take part in an elimination tournament to crown Marciano`s successor. The Ring then moved Patterson into the heavyweight rankings, at number five.[13] Patterson vs. Moore After beating Tommy `Hurricane` Jackson in an elimination fight, Patterson faced Light Heavyweight Champion Archie Moore on November 30, 1956, for the World Heavyweight Championship. He beat Moore by a knockout in five rounds and became the youngest World Heavyweight Champion in history, at the age of 21 years, 10 months, 3 weeks and 5 days. He was the first Olympic gold medalist to win a professional heavyweight title. Ingemar Johansson knocks out Floyd Patterson and becomes boxing heavyweight champion of the world, June 26, 1959. Patterson vs. Johansson I, II & III After a series of defenses against fringe contenders (Hurricane Jackson, Pete Rademacher, Roy Harris,[14] and Brian London), Patterson met Ingemar Johansson of Sweden, the number one contender, in the first of three fights. Johansson triumphed over Patterson on June 26, 1959, with the referee Ruby Goldstein stopping the fight in the third round after the Swede had knocked Patterson down seven times. Johansson became Sweden`s first World Heavyweight Champion, thus becoming a national hero as the first European to defeat an American for the title since 1933. Patterson knocked out Johansson in the fifth round of their rematch on June 20, 1960, to become the first man in history to regain the Undisputed World Heavyweight Championship. Johansson hit the canvas hard, seemingly out before he landed flat on his back. With glazed eyes, blood trickling from his mouth and his left foot quivering, he was counted out. Johansson lay unconscious for five minutes before he was helped onto a stool. A third fight between them was held on March 13, 1961, and while Johansson put Patterson on the floor, Patterson retained his title by knockout in the sixth round to win the rubber match in which Patterson was decked twice and Johansson once, in the first round. Johansson had landed both right hands over Floyd`s left jab. After getting up from the second knockdown, Floyd abandoned his jab and connected with a left hook that knocked down Johansson. After that, Patterson came on with a strong body attack that wore down Johansson. In the sixth round, Johansson caught Patterson with a solid right. But the power in Johansson`s punches was gone. Patterson won the fight in the sixth round by knockout.[15] After the third Johansson fight, Patterson defended the title in Toronto on December 4 against Tom McNeeley and retained the title with a fourth-round knockout.[16][17] However he did not fight number-one contender Sonny Liston. This was due in part to Cus D`Amato, who did not want Patterson in the ring with a boxer with mob connections. As a result, D`Amato turned down any challenges involving the IBC. Eventually, due to a monetary dispute with Jimmy Jacobs, Patterson removed D`Amato from handling his business affairs and agreed to fight Liston. Patterson vs. Liston I & II Leading up to the fight, Liston was the major betting-line favorite, though Sports Illustrated predicted that Patterson would win in 15 rounds. Jim Braddock, Jersey Joe Walcott, Ezzard Charles, Rocky Marciano and Ingemar Johansson picked Patterson to win. The fight also carried a number of social implications. Liston`s connections with the mob were well known and the NAACP was concerned about having to deal with Liston`s visibility as World Champion and had encouraged Patterson not to fight Liston, fearing that a Liston victory would tarnish the civil rights movement.[18] Patterson said John F. Kennedy also did not want him to fight Liston.[19] Patterson lost his title to Liston in Chicago on September 25, 1962, by a first-round knockout in front of 18,894 fans. The two fighters were a marked contrast. In the ring, Liston`s size and power proved too much for Patterson`s guile and agility. However, Patterson did not use his speed to his benefit. According to Sports Illustrated writer Gilbert Rogin, Patterson did not punch enough and frequently tried to clinch with Liston. Liston battered Patterson with body shots and then shortened up and connected with two double hooks high on the head. The result at the time was the third-fastest knockout in boxing history.[20] After being knocked out, Patterson left Comiskey Park in Chicago wearing dark glasses and a fake beard for the drive back to New York. After the fight, questions were raised on whether the fight was fixed to set up a more lucrative rematch. Overnight, Patterson seemed to lose his public support as a result of his swift knockout.[21] Despite the defeat, Patterson won $2 million, to be paid over 17 years.[22] The rematch was set for April 1963; however, Liston injured his knee swinging a golf club and the fight was delayed three months to July 22. In Las Vegas that night, Patterson attempted to become the first boxer to win the heavyweight title three times, but Liston once again knocked him out in the first round. Patterson lasted four seconds longer than in the first bout. After the title Following these defeats, Patterson went through a depression. However, he eventually recovered and began winning fights again, including top victories over Eddie Machen and George Chuvalo; the Chuvalo match won The Ring`s `Fight of the Year` award.[23] Muhammad Ali Patterson was now the number-one challenger for the title held by Muhammad Ali. On November 22, 1965, in Las Vegas, in yet another attempt to be the first to win the world heavyweight title three times, he went into the fight with an injured sacro­iliac joint in a bout in which Ali was clearly dominant.[24] Ali called Patterson an `Uncle Tom` for refusing to call him Muhammad Ali (Patterson continued to call him Cassius Clay) and for his outspokenness against black Muslims.[25] Before the match, Patterson had said: `This fight is a crusade to reclaim the title from the Black Muslims. As a Catholic, I am fighting Clay as a patriotic duty. I am going to return the crown to America.` Instead of scoring a quick knockout, Ali mocked, humiliated and punished Patterson throughout the fight but was unable to knock him out before the referee finally stopped the fight in the 12th round.[26][27] End of career Patterson remained a legitimate contender. In 1966 he traveled to England and knocked out British boxer Henry Cooper in just four rounds at Wembley Stadium. Patterson tried his hand at acting. He is seen in this 1968 The Wild Wild West episode as a landowner who is in danger of losing his property.[28] When Ali was stripped of his title for refusing induction into the military, the World Boxing Association staged an eight-man tournament to determine his successor. Patterson fought Jerry Quarry to a draw in 1967. In a rematch four months later, Patterson lost a controversial 12-round decision to Quarry. Subsequently, in a third and final attempt at winning the title a third time, Patterson lost a controversial 15-round referee`s decision to Jimmy Ellis in Stockholm, in 1968, despite breaking Ellis`s nose and scoring a disputed knockdown. In September 1969 he divorced his first wife, Sandra Hicks Patterson, who wanted him to quit boxing, while he still had hopes for another title shot. Patterson continued on, defeating Oscar Bonavena in a close fight over ten rounds in early 1972. At age 37, Patterson was stopped after seven rounds with a cut eye while still competitive in a rematch with Muhammad Ali for the NABF heavyweight title on September 20, 1972.[29] The defeat proved to be Patterson`s last fight, although there was never an announcement of retirement. Retired life In retirement, he and Ingemar Johansson became good friends who flew across the Atlantic to visit each other every year and he served two terms as chairman of the New York State Athletic Commission.[30] He was also inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1991.[31] Patterson lived in New Paltz, New York, for many years with his second wife, Janet Seaquist.[32] They had two daughters, Jennifer and Janene.[33] In 1982 and 1983 he ran the Stockholm Marathon together with Ingemar Johansson.[34] He completed the 1983 New York City Marathon in 3:35:27.[35] His adopted son, Tracy Harris Patterson, was a world champion boxer in the 1990s and was trained by Floyd during part of his career. They are the first father and son to win world titles in boxing.[36] Floyd also trained Canadian heavyweight Donovan `Razor` Ruddock in 1992 for his fights with Greg Page, Phil Jackson, and Lennox Lewis.[37] The New Paltz High School football field was named `Floyd Patterson Field` in 1985.[38] Death Floyd Patterson`s grave Patterson suffered from Alzheimer`s disease and prostate cancer in his final years. He died at home in New Paltz, on May 11, 2006, at the age of 71.[39] His body was buried at New Paltz Rural Cemetery in New Paltz, Ulster County, New York.[40][41] Quotes `It`s easy to do anything in victory. It`s in defeat that a man reveals himself.`[42] `They said I was the fighter who got knocked down the most, but I also got up the most.`[43] (This quote was used in the tenth episode of the 2009 TV series V.) `When you have millions of dollars, you have millions of friends.`[44] On boxing: `It`s like being in love with a woman. She can be unfaithful, she can be mean, she can be cruel, but it doesn`t matter. If you love her, you want her, even though she can do you all kinds of harm. It`s the same with me and boxing. It can do me all kinds of harm but I love it.`[45]

Odlično stanje Jack Ma Yun[a] (Chinese: 马云; pinyin: Mǎ Yún; born 10 September 1964) is a Chinese business magnate, investor and philanthropist. He is the co-founder of Alibaba Group, a multinational technology conglomerate. In addition, Ma is also the co-founder of Yunfeng Capital, a Chinese private equity firm. As of June 2023, with a net worth of $34.5 billion, Ma is the fourth-wealthiest person in China (after Zhong Shanshan, Zhang Yiming and Ma Huateng), as well as the 39th wealthiest person in the world, ranked by Bloomberg Billionaires Index.[2] Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in English upon graduating from Hangzhou Normal University in 1988. He became an English lecturer and international trade lecturer at Hangzhou Dianzi University following graduation. Later taking an interest in the emergence of the internet business, he established his first business in 1994, only to end up forming a second company after learning more about the internet and the commercial business possibilities that could be potentially exploited from its emerging growth. From 1998 to 1999, he led an information technology company founded by the Chinese government, later leaving it to start the Alibaba Group with his colleagues in 1999. The company was initially founded as B2B e-commerce marketplace website, yet the company later expanded into a wide range of industry domains across the Chinese economy, including e-commerce, high-technology, and online payment solutions. In 2017, Ma was ranked second in the annual `World`s 50 Greatest Leaders` list by Fortune.[3] He has widely been considered as an informal global ambassador in Chinese business circles, and has continued to remain an influential figure in the Chinese business community and scene of startup companies.[4] In September 2018, he announced that he would retire from Alibaba and pursue educational work, philanthropy, and environmental causes;[5][6][7][8] the following year, Daniel Zhang succeeded him as executive chairman.[9][10] In 2020, the Chinese government stopped plans for an IPO called for the digital payment solutions company Ant Group, a company that he founded after he delivered a speech that criticized Chinese financial regulators for putting too much priority in minimizing risk.[11][12] In 2019, Forbes Magazine named Ma in its list of `Asia`s 2019 Heroes of Philanthropy` for his humanitarian and philanthropic work supporting underprivileged communities in China, Africa, Australia, and the Middle East.[5][13] In April 2021, Jack Ma ranked 26th in the `2021 Forbes Global Rich List` with a fortune of $48.4 billion USD.[14] Early life and education[edit] Ma was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang on September 10, 1964 as Ma Yun.[15] He became interested in English as a young boy and began practicing with English speakers in the Hangzhou International Hotel. Ma`s grandfather served as a security guard during the Second Sino-Japanese War. At the age of 12, Ma bought a pocket radio and began listening to English radio stations frequently. For nine years, Ma rode 27 km (17 miles) on his bicycle every day to work as a tour guide of Hangzhou for foreigners in order to practice his English. He became pen pals with one of those foreigners, who nicknamed him `Jack` because he found it hard to pronounce his Chinese name.[16] When Ma was 13 years old, he was forced to transfer to Hangzhou No. 8 Middle School as he kept getting caught in fights. In his early school days, Ma did not fare well scholastically, and it took two years for him to gain acceptance at an ordinary Chinese high school, as he only got 31 points in mathematics on the Chinese high school entrance exam. In 1982, at the age of 18, Ma failed the nation-wide Chinese college entrance exam, obtaining only 1 point in mathematics. Afterwards, he and his cousin applied to be waiters at a nearby hotel. His cousin was hired, but Ma was rejected on the grounds that he was `too skinny, too short, and in general, protruded a bad physical appearance that may have potentially ended up hurting the restaurant`s image and reputation.`[17] In 1983, Ma failed his college entrance exam again for the second time. However, his mathematics score improved, with Ma managing to obtain 19 points. In 1984, despite strong opposition from his family to persuade him to give up on pursuing higher education and choose a different career path, Ma remained steadfastly determined as he decided to take the college entrance examination for the third time. This time, he scored 89 points in the mathematics section. However, the expected amount of marks as benchmark eligibility entrance requirements for prospective university undergraduates was standardized as five points above Ma`s score. Since the enrollment target for English majors was not met, some prospective students had the opportunity to be accepted and promoted into Hangzhou Normal University`s English department, with Ma ending up promoted to the undergraduate foreign language major. After entering Hangzhou Normal University, Ma`s academic performance began to improve substantially as he steadily achieved scholarly excellence over the course of his undergraduate studies. In recognition of his burgeoning academic achievements, Ma was consistently ranked as among the top five students in the university`s foreign language department due to his extensive English-language skills. While witnessing an enormous improvement in his scholastic performance throughout his undergraduate years, Ma was also elected as the chairman of the student union, and later served as the chairman of the Hangzhou Federation of Students for two terms.[17] In 1988, Ma graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in English.[18][19] After graduation, he became a lecturer in English and international trade at Hangzhou Dianzi University. Ma also claims to have applied to Harvard Business School ten times consecutively, only to have ended up being rejected every time in spite of his persistent efforts.[20] Business career[edit] Early career[edit] According to Ma`s autobiographical speech,[21] after graduating from Hangzhou Normal University in 1988, Ma applied for 31 different odd entry-level jobs and was rejected for every single one. `I went for a job with the KFC; they said, `you`re no good``, Ma told interviewer Charlie Rose. `I even went to KFC when it came to my city. Twenty-four people went for the job. Twenty-three were accepted. I was the only guy [rejected]...`.[22][23] During this period, China was nearing the end of its first decade following Deng Xiaoping`s economic reforms. In 1994, Ma heard about the Internet and also started his first company,[24] Hangzhou Haibo Translation Agency (杭州海波翻譯社, Hángzhōu Hǎibō Fānyì Shè), an online Chinese translation agency. In early 1995, he travelled abroad to the United States on behalf of the Hangzhou municipal government with fellow colleagues who had helped introduce him to the Internet.[24] Although he found information related to beer from many countries, he was surprised to find none from China. He also tried to search for general information about China and again was surprised to find none. So he and his friend created an `ugly` website pertaining to information regarding Chinese beer.[25] He launched the website at 9:40 AM, and by 12:30 PM he had received emails from prospective Chinese investors wishing to know more about him and his website. This was when Ma realized that the Internet had something great to offer. In April 1995, Ma and his business partner He Yibing (a computer instructor), opened the first office for China Pages, and Ma started their second company. On May 10, 1995, the pair registered the domain chinapages.com in the United States. Within a span of three years, China Pages cleared approximately 5,000,000 RMB in profit which at the time was equivalent to USD$642,998 (approximately $1.18 million today). Ma began building websites for Chinese companies with the help of friends in the United States. He said that `The day we got connected to the Web, I invited friends and TV people over to my house`, and on a very slow dial-up connection, `we waited three and a half hours and got half a page`, he recalled. `We drank, watched TV and played cards, waiting. But I was so proud. I proved the Internet existed`.[26] At a conference in 2010, Ma revealed that despite achieving massive entrepreneurial success in the Chinese high-technology industry, he has never actually written a line of code nor made one sale to a customer and that he only acquired a computer for the first time at the age of 33.[27] From 1998 to 1999, Ma headed an information technology company established by the China International Electronic Commerce Center, a department of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation. In 1999, he quit and returned to Hangzhou with his team to establish Alibaba, a Hangzhou-based business-to-business marketplace site in his apartment with a group of 18 friends.[28] He started a new round of venture development with 500,000 yuan. In October 1999 and January 2000, Alibaba won a total of a $25 million foreign venture seed capital from the American investment bank, Goldman Sachs and the Japanese investment management conglomerate SoftBank.[24] The program was expected to improve the domestic Chinese e-commerce market and perfect an e-commerce platform for online Chinese enterprises to establish a presence for themselves to compete, especially fostering the growth of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as addressing challenges surrounding China`s entrance into the World Trade Organization in 2001. Eventually, Alibaba began to show signs of profitability three years later as Ma wanted to improve the global e-commerce system. From 2003 onwards, Ma established Taobao Marketplace, Alipay, Ali Mama and Lynx. After the rapid rise of Taobao, American e-commerce giant eBay offered to purchase the company. However, Ma rejected their offer, instead garnering support from Yahoo co-founder Jerry Yang who offered a $1 billion investment in upfront capital for the potential purpose of expanding Alibaba`s corporate operations. Chairman of Alibaba Group[edit] Ma speaking at the 2007 China Trust Global Leaders Forum. Since 1999, Ma served as the executive chairman of Alibaba Group, which has remained one of China`s most prominent high-technology holding companies in the two decades since it inception presiding over nine major subsidiaries: Alibaba.com, Taobao Marketplace, Tmall, eTao, Alibaba Cloud Computing, Juhuasuan, 1688.com, AliExpress.com, and Alipay. At the annual general meeting of shareholders for Alibaba.com in May 2010, Ma announced Alibaba Group would begin in 2010 to earmark 0.3% of annual revenue to environmental protection, particularly on water- and air-quality improvement projects. Of the future of Alibaba, he has said, `our challenge is to help more people to make healthy money, `sustainable money`, money that is not only good for themselves but also good for the society. That`s the transformation we are aiming to make.`[29] In 2011, it was announced that one of his companies had gained control of Alipay, formerly a subsidiary of Alibaba Group, so as to `comply with Chinese law governing payment companies in order to secure a license to continue operating Alipay.[30] Numerous analysts reported that Ma sold Alipay to himself below market value without notifying the board of Alibaba Group or the other major owners Yahoo and Softbank, while Ma stated that Alibaba Group`s board of directors were aware of the transaction. The ownership dispute was resolved by Alibaba Group, Yahoo! and Softbank in July 2011.[31] In November 2012, Alibaba`s online transaction volume exceeded one trillion yuan. Ma stepped down as the chief executive officer of Alibaba on May 10, 2013 but remained as the executive chairman of the corporation. In September 2014, it was reported that Alibaba was raising over $25 billion in an initial public offering (IPO) on the New York Stock Exchange.[32] As of 2016, Ma is the owner of Château de Sours in Bordeaux, Chateau Guerry in Côtes de Bourg and Château Perenne in Blaye, Côtes de Bordeaux.[33] Ma speaking on the future of online trade and globalization at the World Economic Forum in 2017. On January 9, 2017, Ma met with United States President-elect Donald Trump at Trump Tower, to discuss the potential of 1 million job openings in the following five years through the expansion of the presence of Alibaba`s business interests in the United States.[34] On September 8, 2017, to celebrate Alibaba`s 18th year of its establishment, Ma appeared on stage and gave a Michael Jackson-inspired performance. He also performed a partial rendition of Elton John`s 1994 hit single Can You Feel The Love Tonight while being dressed up as a lead heavy metal singer at a 2009 Alibaba birthday event.[35] In the same month, Ma also partnered with Hong Kong business tycoon, Sir Li Ka-shing in a joint venture to offer a digital wallet service in Hong Kong.[36] Ma announced on September 10, 2018 that he would step down as executive chairman of Alibaba Group Holding in the coming year.[37] Ma denied reports that he was forced to step aside by the Chinese government[38] and stated that he wants to focus on philanthropy through his foundation.[39] Daniel Zhang would then lead Alibaba as the current executive chairman.[40][10] Ma stepped down from the board of Alibaba on 1 October 2020.[41] Disappearance from the public eye[edit] News outlets noted a lack of public appearances from Ma between October 2020 and January 2021, coinciding with a regulatory crackdown on his businesses.[42] The Financial Times reported that the disappearance may have been connected to a speech given at the annual People`s Bank of China financial markets forum,[43] in which Ma criticized China`s regulators and banks.[43] In November 2020, the Financial Times reported the abrupt cancellation of the Ant Group`s anticipated[44] initial public offering (IPO)[45] after an intervention by financial regulators. According to Chinese bankers and officials, financial stability was the objective behind the intervention.[43] Some commentators speculated that Ma may have been a victim of forced disappearance,[46][47][48][49] while others speculated that he could be voluntarily lying low.[46][50] Ma made a public appearance again on 20 January 2021, speaking via video link to a group of rural teachers at a charitable event, the annual Rural Teacher Initiative.[42][51] In February 2021, Bloomberg reported that he was seen golfing at the Sun Valley Golf Resort in the Chinese island of Hainan.[52] In March 2021, Ma and Alibaba were ordered by Chinese regulators to sell off certain media companies, including Hong Kong`s South China Morning Post, as part of a Chinese campaign to curb the influence wielded by giant digital conglomerates.[53] In October 2021, Reuters reported Ma was on the Spanish island of Mallorca shopping at a local store. His superyacht was anchored in the Port of Andratx.[54] In November 2022, Ma was reportedly living a low profile life in Tokyo, Japan, for nearly six months, and occasionally traveling abroad.[55] In March 2023, Ma was spotted for the first time at the Yungu school in Hangzhou, China. Photos and videos of Ma touring the school appeared on social media confirming the appearance of the billionaire for the first time in several months. The school is funded by his company and is located near the company`s headquarters.[56] He was reportedly persuaded to return by premier Li Qiang.[57] In the same month, Alibaba Group would turn into a holding company and its subsidiaries would separate into six independent firms; The Wall Street Journal reported on 30 March that Ma engineered this in talks with company CEO Daniel Zhang while he was overseas.[58] Teaching[edit] In May 2023, Tokyo College, a research institute at the University of Tokyo, announced that Ma had been appointed a Visiting Professor and would work at the institute until at least October 2023.[59] His research focus would include sustainable agriculture, food production, and lectures on entrepreneurship. The Financial Times described the announcement as `a rare public statement of the billionaire`s commitments outside China.`[60] Entertainment career[edit] In 2017, Ma made his acting debut with his first kung fu short film Gong Shou Dao. It was filmed in collaboration with the Double 11 Shopping Carnival Singles` Day. In the same year, he also participated in a singing festival and performed dances during Alibaba`s 18th-anniversary party.[61][62][63] In November 2020, in the finale of Africa’s Business Heroes, Ma was replaced as a judge in the television show, with Alibaba executive Peng Lei taking his place, reportedly `Due to a schedule conflict`.[64] Awards and honors[edit] In 2004, Ma was honored as one of the `Top 10 Economic Personalities of the Year` by China Central Television (CCTV).[65] In September 2005, the World Economic Forum selected Ma as a `Young Global Leader`.[65] Fortune also selected him as one of the `25 Most Powerful Businesspeople in Asia` in 2005.[65] Businessweek also selected him as a `Businessperson of the Year` in 2007.[66] In 2008, Barron`s featured him as one of the 30 `World`s Best CEOs`[67] In May 2009, Time magazine listed Ma as one of the world`s 100 most powerful people. In reporting Ma`s accomplishments, Adi Ignatius, former Time senior editor and editor-in-chief of the Harvard Business Review, noted that `the Chinese Internet entrepreneur is soft-spoken and elf-like—and he speaks really good English` and remarked that `Taobao.com, Mr. Ma`s consumer-auction website, conquered eBay in China.`[68] He was also included in this list in 2014.[69] BusinessWeek chose him as one of China`s Most Powerful People.[70] Forbes China also selected him as one of the Top 10 Most Respected Entrepreneurs in China by in 2009. Ma received the 2009 CCTV Economic Person of the Year: Business Leaders of the Decade Award. In 2010, Ma was selected by Forbes Asia as one of Asia`s Heroes of Philanthropy for his contribution to disaster relief and poverty.[71] Ma was awarded an honorary doctoral degree by the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in November 2013.[72] Ma was a board member of Japan`s SoftBank (2007–2020)[73] and China`s Huayi Brothers Media Corporation.[citation needed] He became a trustee of The Nature Conservancy`s China program in 2009 and joined its global board of directors in April 2010. In 2013, he became chairman of the board for The Nature Conservancy`s China Program; this was one day after he stepped down from Alibaba as company CEO.[74][75] In 2014, he was ranked as the 30th-most-powerful person in the world in an annual ranking published by Forbes.[76] In 2015, Asian Award honoured him with the Entrepreneur of the Year award.[77] In 2016, he was awarded the Chevalier of the French Legion of Honour by French Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Development Laurent Fabius.[78] In 2017, Fortune ranked Ma second on its World`s 50 Greatest Leaders list.[79] In 2017, a KPMG survey ranked Ma third in global tech innovation visionary survey.[80] In October 2017, Ma was given an honorary degree of Doctor of Science in Technopreneurship from De La Salle University Manila, Philippines.[81] In May 2018, Ma was given an honorary degree of Doctor of Social Sciences by the University of Hong Kong in recognition of his contributions to technology, society and the world.[82] In May 2018, Ma received an honorary doctorate from professors Yaakov Frenkel and Yaron Oz at the Tel Aviv University.[83] In May 2019, Ma and other 16 influential global figures were appointed by Secretary-General of the United Nations as the new advocates for sustainable development goals.[84] In July 2020, Ma received from King Abdullah II a first class medal for his contribution in fighting back against the COVID-19 pandemic.[85] In August 2020, Ma was to receive from the President of Pakistan a Hilal e Quaid e Azam medal for his contribution in fighting back against the COVID-19 pandemic.[86] Views[edit] Ma is an adherent of both Buddhism and Taoism.[87][88][89] On September 24, 2014, in an interview with Taobao, Ma attributed the strength of American society to the country being rooted in its Judeo-Christian heritage and expressed his belief in the importance for China to implement a positive value system in order to overcome the aftermath and legacy of the bygone Cultural Revolution.[90] In November 2018, the People`s Daily identified Ma as a member of the Chinese Communist Party, something which surprised observers.[91][92][93] Ma received international criticism after he publicly endorsed the Chinese work practice known as the 996 working hour system.[94] When asked in 2019 to give his views on the future, Ma again stated that 996 was currently a `huge blessing` necessary to achieve success, but went on to state that artificial intelligence technology might lead to a better life of leisure in the future, where people would only have to work four-hour work days, three days a week.[95][96] At the same time, Ma expressed skepticism that AI could ever completely replace people, referencing to his theory that success requires a `love quotient` and stating that machines can never match this success. Ma also predicted that population collapse would become a big problem in the future.[97][98] Philanthropy[edit] Main article: Jack Ma Foundation Jack Ma is the founder of the Jack Ma Foundation, a philanthropic organization focused on improving education, the environment and public health.[99] In 2008, Alibaba donated $808,000 to victims of the Sichuan earthquake.[100] In 2009 Jack Ma became a trustee of The Nature Conservancy`s China program, and in 2010 he joined the global Board of Directors of the organization.[101] In 2015, Alibaba launched a nonprofit organization, Alibaba Hong Kong Young Entrepreneurs Foundation, which supports Hong Kong entrepreneurs to help them grow their businesses.[102][103] In the same year, the company funded the rebuilding of 1,000 houses damaged by the earthquake-hit in Nepal, and raised money for another 9,000.[104] In 2015 he also founded the Hupan School,[105] a business school. In September 2018 Ma started the Jack Ma Foundation and announced that he would retire from Alibaba to pursue educational work, philanthropy, and environmental causes.[5][6][7][8] In 2019, Forbes named Ma in its list of `Asia`s 2019 Heroes of Philanthropy` and awarded him the Malcolm S. Forbes Lifetime Achievement Award for his work supporting underprivileged communities in China, Africa, Australia, and the Middle East.[5][13] In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Alibaba Foundation and Jack Ma Foundation launched various initiatives, some of which involved donating medical supplies to the United States as well as various countries in Asia, Africa, and Europe.[106][107]