800 Watt Amplifier with 2 Flexible Output Channels for Installation Applications E SERIES E 8:2 The E 8:2 Has Smart Green Credentials Delivering Low Lifetime Cost of Ownership Small in Size, Huge in Benefits Building on LAB GRUPPEN’s touring reputation for sonic excellence and rock-solid durability, E Series brings a competitive edge to the installation market by adding ultra-compact size, high operating efficiency, output configuration flexibility, and an unprecedented cost-benefit ratio. At the heart of E Series is LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA (IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier) technology. Based around a patented Class D variant output stage, IDEEA produces high power levels with very low distortion while drawing minimal mains current. LAB GRUPPEN’s proprietary Rail Sensing Limiter (RSL™), also exclusive to E Series, greatly reduces signal clipping to ensure high quality audio output at all times. User configurable for Hi-Z (70 V) or Lo-Z, RSL senses rail voltages and optimizes each output for instantaneous load conditions. RSL settings also facilitate asymmetric loading of the channels to optimize performance and efficiency. Total available output power can be allocated among the channels as required by the application. This makes it possible, for example, to drive a small sub on one channel, a number of 70 V ceiling loudspeakers on the second channel. LAB GRUPPEN Performance with Energy Star Compliance LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA architecture secures full Energy Star compliance by combining net operating efficiency of greater than 80% with an auto-power-down feature. After 20 minutes with no input signal, the amplifier automatically switches to standby mode – with consumption of less than 1 W – and switches back on when an input signal returns. GPIO facilities enable third-party systems to remotely control and monitor power state via contact closure. Smart Green Credentials with Our IDEEA Platform The now proven IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier (IDEEA) platform represents the latest evolution of our amplifier design philosophies, drawing from technologies in our flagship PLM Series, to create ingenious contractor solutions with supreme green credentials. Energy Star Qualified By maintaining very low current draw during operating cycles even at high output levels, and reduced power consumption during non-operational cycles, our Energy Star qualified products harness impeccable LAB GRUPPEN sonic performance and robust power output while meeting the rigorous efficiency requirements of current Energy Star certification standards. Flexible Asymmetric Loading Optimize performance and efficiency from each individual unit - allowing the total available output power to be utilized unequally between the channels, or for mono use with all power on a single channel. Enabling you to drive a small sub on one channel and a number of 70 V distributed ceiling loudspeakers on the other. Features 800 W amplifier carrying 2 flexible output channels in a high power density 1 rack unit form factor saves rack space and system cost Energy efficient with Energy Star* certification for supreme green credentials and exceptionally low lifetime running costs Flexible IntelliDrive permits delivering the 2 x 400 W at constant voltage 70 V or low impedance (2, 4 and 8 Ohms) on any channel Asymmetric channel loading allows mixing and matching loads with different impedances to maximize overall system efficiency and inventory utilization High efficiency amplifier with low power consumption and minimized heat generation lowers demands on the installations' mains distribution and cooling systems IDEEA outputs stage based on proprietary, state-of-the-art Class-D amplifier technology for superior performance Comprehensive fail safe circuit protection ensures continued operation even under reduced operating conditions Auto-standby and auto-power-on reduces power consumption to below 1 W in non-operating cycles Rail Sense Limiter (RSL) greatly reduces signal clipping and ensures simple configuration for constant voltage and low impedance loads Built in 50 Hz high pass filter selectable per channel available on rear panel switch Per-channel attenuation knob and signal LED on rear panel for simple commissioning Efficient cooling with temperature-controlled fan with front to back airflow Aluminum front panel with power and temperature LEDs and per-channel signal and limit LEDs GPIO connector with power control and indication for further system integration Balanced high-quality analog inputs and amplifier outputs on detachable screw terminals 10-Year Warranty Program* Designed and engineered in Sweden Specs General Number of amplifier channels:2 Max total output all channels driven:800 W Peak output voltage per channel:100 V / 70 Vrms Max. output current:16 Arms Max output power (all channels driven) 2 ohms: 400 W 4 ohms:400 W 8 ohms: 400 W (requires the “70 V” mode for the RSL, “Lo-Z” gives 200 W) 16 ohms: 290 W (requires the “70 V” mode for the RSL, “Lo-Z” gives 100 W) 70 V: 400 W 100 V: Can deliver 400 W to a 100 V load tapped at 800 W Performance THD 20 Hz - 20 kHz at 1 W: <0.1% THD at 1 kHz and 1 dB below clipping: <0.05% Signal to Noise Ratio: >112 dBA Channel separation (Crosstalk) at 1 kHz: >70 dB Frequency Response: 2 Hz - 40 kHz Input impedance: 20 kOhm Common Mode Rejection (CMR): 50 dB Output impedance: 25 mOhm Gain, Sensitivity and Limiters Limit and gain switch defining limit and gain (per channel): 2 pos: Lo-Z and 70 V VPL for 70 V mode: 100 V VPL for Lo-Z mode: 56.6 V Sensitivity for stated power into 4 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for 70.7 V out in 70 V mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 2 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 1 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 8 Ohm in 70 V mode: 2.1 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 16 Ohm in 70 V mode: 3.7 dBu Gain in 70 V mode: 35.2 dB Gain in Lo-Z mode: 30.3 dB Level adjustment (per channel): Rear panel potentiometer, from -inf to 0 dB Connectors and Buttons Input connectors (per ch.): 3 - pin detachable screw terminals, electronically balanced Output connectors (per ch.): 2 - pin detachable screw terminals High pass filter: Fixed at 50 Hz, switchable per channel Power control: Can be used to go between standby and ON GPI (power control input): Contact closure type, 2-pin detachable screw terminal, controls the power state GPO (power state output): Contact closure type, 2-pin detachable screw terminal, for external monitoring of the power state Cooling: Single fan, front to rear airflow, no filter required, temperature controlled speed Power Nominal voltage: 100 – 240 VAC perating voltage: 70 – 265 VAC Standby consumption: <1 W Mains connector: IEC inlet Dimensions Dimensions: W: 483 mm (19”), H: 44 mm (1 U), D: 276 mm (10.9”) Weight Weight: 4.2 kg (9.3 lbs) Finish Finish: Dark grey aluminum front and black steel chassis Approvals Approvals: CE, RoHS, WEEE, UL (UL 60065), CSA C22.2 NO. 60065, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A, PSE, CCC Energy Star

Small in Size, Huge in Benefits Building on LAB GRUPPEN’s touring reputation for sonic excellence and rock-solid durability, E Series brings a competitive edge to the installation market by adding ultra-compact size, high operating efficiency, output configuration flexibility, and an unprecedented cost-benefit ratio. At the heart of E Series is LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA (IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier) technology. Based around a patented Class D variant output stage, IDEEA produces high power levels with very low distortion while drawing minimal mains current. LAB GRUPPEN’s proprietary Rail Sensing Limiter (RSL™), also exclusive to E Series, greatly reduces signal clipping to ensure high quality audio output at all times. User configurable for Hi-Z (70 V) or Lo-Z, RSL senses rail voltages and optimizes each output for instantaneous load conditions. RSL settings also facilitate asymmetric loading of the channels to optimize performance and efficiency. Total available output power can be allocated among the channels as required by the application. This makes it possible, for example, to drive a small sub on one channel, a number of 70 V ceiling loudspeakers on the second channel. LAB GRUPPEN Performance with Energy Star Compliance LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA architecture secures full Energy Star compliance by combining net operating efficiency of greater than 80% with an auto-power-down feature. After 20 minutes with no input signal, the amplifier automatically switches to standby mode – with consumption of less than 1 W – and switches back on when an input signal returns. GPIO facilities enable third-party systems to remotely control and monitor power state via contact closure. Smart Green Credentials with Our IDEEA Platform The now proven IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier (IDEEA) platform represents the latest evolution of our amplifier design philosophies, drawing from technologies in our flagship PLM Series, to create ingenious contractor solutions with supreme green credentials. Energy Star Qualified By maintaining very low current draw during operating cycles even at high output levels, and reduced power consumption during non-operational cycles, our Energy Star qualified products harness impeccable LAB GRUPPEN sonic performance and robust power output while meeting the rigorous efficiency requirements of current Energy Star certification standards. Flexible Asymmetric Loading Optimize performance and efficiency from each individual unit - allowing the total available output power to be utilized unequally between the channels, or for mono use with all power on a single channel. Enabling you to drive a small sub on one channel and a number of 70 V distributed ceiling loudspeakers on the other. Features 1,200 W amplifier carrying 2 flexible output channels in a high power density 1 rack unit form factor saves rack space and system cost Energy efficient with Energy Star* certification for supreme green credentials and exceptionally low lifetime running costs Flexible IntelliDrive permits delivering the 2 x 600 W at constant voltage 70 V or low impedance (2, 4 and 8 Ohms) on any channel Asymmetric channel loading allows mixing and matching loads with different impedances to maximize overall system efficiency and inventory utilization High efficiency amplifier with low power consumption and minimized heat generation lowers demands on the installations' mains distribution and cooling systems IDEEA outputs stage based on proprietary, state-of-the-art Class-D amplifier technology for superior performance Comprehensive fail safe circuit protection ensures continued operation even under reduced operating conditions Auto-standby and auto-power-on reduces power consumption to below 1 W in non-operating cycles Rail Sense Limiter (RSL) greatly reduces signal clipping and ensures simple configuration for constant voltage and low impedance loads Built in 50 Hz high pass filter selectable per channel available on rear panel switch Per-channel attenuation knob and signal LED on rear panel for simple commissioning Efficient cooling with temperature-controlled fan with front to back airflow Aluminum front panel with power and temperature LEDs and per-channel signal and limit LEDs GPIO connector with power control and indication for further system integration Balanced high-quality analog inputs and amplifier outputs on detachable screw terminals 10-Year Warranty Program* Designed and engineered in Sweden Specs General Number of amplifier channels: 2 Max total output all channels driven: 1200 W Peak output voltage per channel: 100 V / 70 Vrms Max. output current: 18 Arms Max output power (all channels driven) 2 ohms: 600 W 4 ohms: 600 W 8 ohms: 600 W (requires the “70 V” mode for the RSL, “Lo-Z” gives 300 W) 16 ohms: 310 W (requires the “70 V” mode for the RSL, “Lo-Z” gives 150 W) 70 V: 600 W 100 V: Can deliver 600 W to a 100 V load tapped at 1200 W Performance THD 20 Hz - 20 kHz at 1 W : <0.1% THD at 1 kHz and 1 dB below clipping: <0.05% Signal to Noise Ratio: >112 dBA Channel separation (Crosstalk) at 1 kHz: >70 dB Frequency Response: 2 Hz - 40 kHz Input impedance: 20 kOhm Common Mode Rejection (CMR): 50 dB Output impedance: 25 mOhm Gain, Sensitivity and Limiters Limit and gain switch defining limit and gain (per channel)- 2 pos: Lo-Z and 70 V VPL for 70 V mode: 100 V VPL for Lo-Z mode: 69.3 V Sensitivity for stated power into 4 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for 70.7 V out in 70 V mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 2 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 1 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 8 Ohm in 70 V mode: 3.8 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 16 Ohm in 70 V mode: 4 dBu Gain in 70 V mode: 35.2 dB Gain in Lo-Z mode: 32 dB Level adjustment (per channel): Rear panel potentiometer, from -inf to 0 dB Connectors and Buttons Input connectors (per ch.): 3 - pin detachable screw terminals, electronically balanced Output connectors (per ch.): 2 - pin detachable screw terminals High pass filter: Fixed at 50 Hz, switchable per channel Power control: Can be used to go between standby and ON GPO (power state output): Contact closure type, 2-pin detachable screw terminal, for external monitoring of the power state Cooling: Single fan, front to rear airflow, no filter required, temperature controlled speed Power Nominal voltage: 100 – 240 VAC Operating voltage: 70 – 265 VAC Standby consumption: <1 W Mains connector: IEC inlet Dimensions Dimensions: W: 483 mm (19”), H: 44 mm (1 U), D: 276 mm (10.9”) Weight Weight: 4.2 kg (9.3 lbs) Finish Finish: Dark grey aluminum front and black steel chassis Approvals Approvals: CE, RoHS, WEEE, UL (UL 60065), CSA C22.2 NO. 60065, FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A, PSE, CCC Energy Star

Small in Size, Huge in Benefits Building on LAB GRUPPEN’s touring reputation for sonic excellence and rock-solid durability, E Series brings a competitive edge to the installation market by adding ultra-compact size, high operating efficiency, output configuration flexibility, and an unprecedented cost-benefit ratio. At the heart of E Series is LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA (IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier) technology. Based around a patented Class D variant output stage, IDEEA produces high power levels with very low distortion while drawing minimal mains current. LAB GRUPPEN’s proprietary Rail Sensing Limiter (RSL™), also exclusive to E Series, greatly reduces signal clipping to ensure high quality audio output at all times. User configurable for Hi-Z (70 V) or Lo-Z, RSL senses rail voltages and optimizes each output for instantaneous load conditions. RSL settings also facilitate asymmetric loading of the channels to optimize performance and efficiency. Total available output power can be allocated among the channels as required by the application. This makes it possible, for example, to drive a small sub on one channel, a number of 70 V ceiling loudspeakers on the second channel, and a pair of full-range low impedance loudspeakers on the two remaining channels. LAB GRUPPEN Performance with Energy Star Compliance LAB GRUPPEN’s IDEEA architecture secures full Energy Star compliance by combining net operating efficiency of greater than 80% with an auto-power-down feature. After 20 minutes with no input signal, the amplifier automatically switches to standby mode – with consumption of less than 1 W – and switches back on when an input signal returns. GPIO facilities enable third-party systems to remotely control and monitor power state via contact closure. Smart Green Credentials with Our IDEEA Platform The now proven IntelliDrive Energy Efficient Amplifier (IDEEA) platform represents the latest evolution of our amplifier design philosophies, drawing from technologies in our flagship PLM Series, to create ingenious contractor solutions with supreme green credentials. Energy Star Qualified By maintaining very low current draw during operating cycles even at high output levels, and reduced power consumption during non-operational cycles, our Energy Star qualified products harness impeccable LAB GRUPPEN sonic performance and robust power output while meeting the rigorous efficiency requirements of current Energy Star certification standards. Flexible Asymmetric Loading Optimize performance and efficiency from each individual unit - allowing the total available output power to be utilized unequally between the channels, or for mono use with all power on a single channel. Enabling you to drive a small sub on one channel and a number of 70 V distributed ceiling loudspeakers on the other. Features 1,000 W amplifier carrying 4 flexible output channels in a high power density 1 rack unit form factor saves rack space and system cost Energy efficient with Energy Star* certification for supreme green credentials and exceptionally low lifetime running costs Flexible IntelliDrive permits delivering the 4 x 250 W at constant voltage 70 V or low impedance (2, 4, 8 and 16 Ohms) on any channel Asymmetric channel loading allows mixing and matching loads with different impedances to maximize overall system efficiency and inventory utilization High efficiency amplifier with low power consumption and minimized heat generation lowers demands on the installations' mains distribution and cooling systems IDEEA outputs stage based on proprietary, state-of-the-art Class-D amplifier technology for superior performance Comprehensive fail safe circuit protection ensures continued operation even under reduced operating conditions Auto-standby and auto-power-on reduces power consumption to below 1 W in non-operating cycles Rail Sense Limiter (RSL) greatly reduces signal clipping and ensures simple configuration for constant voltage and low impedance loads Built in 50 Hz high pass filter selectable per channel available on rear panel switch Per channel attenuation knob and signal LED on rear panel for simple commissioning Efficient cooling with temperature-controlled fans with front to back airflow Aluminum front panel with power and temperature LEDs and per-channel signal and limit LEDs GPIO connector with power control and indication for further system integration Balanced high-quality analog inputs and amplifier outputs on detachable screw terminals 10-Year Warranty Program* Designed and engineered in Sweden Specs General Number of amplifier channels: 4 Total output all channels driven: 1000 W Peak output voltage per channel: 100 V / 70 Vrms Max. output current: 14 Arms Max output power (all channels driven) 2 ohms: N.R. 4 ohms: 250 W 8 ohms: 250 W 16 ohms: 250 W (requires the “70 V” mode for the RSL, “Lo-Z” gives 125 W) 70 V: 250 W 100 V: Can deliver 250 W to a 100 V load tapped at 500 W Performance THD 20 Hz - 20 kHz at 1 W:<0.1% THD at 1 kHz and 1 dB below clipping: <0.05% Signal to Noise Ratio: >112 dBA Channel separation (Crosstalk) at 1 kHz: > 70 dB Frequency Response: 2 Hz - 40 kHz Input impedance: 20 kOhm Common Mode Rejection (CMR): 50 dB Output impedance: 25 mOhm Gain, Sensitivity and Limiters Limit and gain switch defining limit and gain (per channel): 2 pos: Lo-Z and 70 V PL for 70 V mode: 100 V VPL for Lo-Z mode: 63.2 V Sensitivity for stated power into 8 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for 70.7 V out in 70 V mode: 4 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 4 Ohm in Lo-Z mode: 1 dBu Sensitivity for stated power into 16 Ohm in 70 V mode: 3 dBu Gain in 70 V mode: 35.2 dB Gain in Lo-Z mode: 31.2 dB Level adjustment (per channel): Rear panel potentiometer, from -inf to 0 dB Connectors and Switches Input connectors (per ch.): 3 - pin detachable screw terminals, electronically balanced Output connectors (per ch.): 2 - pin detachable screw terminals High pass filter: Fixed at 50 Hz, switchable per channel Power control: Can be used to go between standby and ON GPI (power control input): Contact closure type, 2-pin detachable screw terminal, controls the power state GPO (power state output): Contact closure type, 2-pin detachable screw terminal, for external monitoring of the power state Cooling: Two fans, front-rear airflow, temperature controlled speed Power Nominal voltage: 100 - 240 VAC Operating voltage: 85 – 265 VAC Standby consumption: <1 W Mains connector: IEC inlet Dimensions Dimensions: W: 483 mm (19”), H: 44 mm (1 U), D: 381 mm (15”) Weight Weight: 6.2 kg (13.7 lbs) Finish Finish: Dark grey aluminum front and black steel chassis Approvals Approvals: CE, ANSI/UL 60065 (ETL), CSA, CCC, PSE, Energy Star

Esther McCoy - Richard Neutra Masters of the world architecture George Braziller INC, New York, 1960. Mek povez, 128 strana, ilustrovano. Ex libris (pecat) i potpis bivseg vlasnika RETKO! Rihard Nojtra Рихард Јозеф Нојтра (нем. Richard Joseph Neutra;[1] Беч, 8. април 1892 — Вупертал, 16. април 1970) је био значајан аустријско-амерички архитект, пре свега активан у јужној Калифорнији у САД, а важи за једног од најзначајнијих представника модерне архитектуре.[2][3] Живот и дело Зграда Treetops, коју је започео Рихард Нојтра а 1980. завршио његов син Дион Кућа Кауфманових у Палм Спрингсу у Калифорнији Рихард Нојтра студирао је на Високој техничкој школи у Бечу као ђак Адолф Лоса и био је под утицајем Ото Вагнера. Године 1917. дипломирао је на овој школи и отишао у Берлин где је сарађивао са архитектом Ерих Менделсоном. На свом првом већем путовању у иностранство које је предузео са млађим сином Зигмунд Фројда упознао је жену свога живота, певачицу Целестин Дион Нидерман. Био је фасциниран архитектуром у САД а нарочито делима Френка Лојда Рајта и одлучио је се пресели у САД. Прво је отишао у Чикаго, затим у Таљезин да би се сусрео са Рајтом, али је видео плакат „California Call You!“, који је на њега оставио јак утисак, тако да се одлучује за југ Калифорније. Године 1929. добио је и америчко држављанство. У Лос Анђелесу је важио за представника интернационалног стила у архитектури у САД. Градио је виле и приватне куће које је уклапао у околину и пејзаж. Нојтра се заинтересовао за пејзажну архитектуру и у току студија је упознао пејзажног архитекту за хортикултуру Густава Амана с којим се спријатељио. Када је пројектовао виле у Швајцарској 1960-их година, радио је са пејзажним архитектом Ернстом Крамером који је био ученик Густава Амана. Међу значајне Нојтрине ране радове спада кућа за породицу Лавел; то је чиста скелетна конструкција у стилу европске традиције чији је утемељивач био Адолф Лос. Од 1949. до 1964. пројектовао је, у сарадњи са Роберт Александром, школске зграде, цркве, пословне зграде и музеје. Од 1960. је започео сарадњу са сином Дионом Нојтром. У пројекте школа са заобљеним основама Нојтра је укључивао и пејзаж. За њега је карактеристично да о архитектури говори као о примењеној физиологији. У избору материјала одлучивао се за природне, а најчешће је користио дрво. Намештај за седење је прилагођавао облицима људског тела као и Алвар Алто, Елијел Саринен и други напредни архитекти.[4] У својим радовима Нојтра је показао да је усвојио модеран калифорнијски стил специјализујући се на уклапање објеката у пејзаж и баште и инспирисао се нарочито контрастом геометријских форми и природе и створио утисак који је нарочито био изражен на фотографијама његових изведених објеката које је фотографисао Јулијус Шулман. У пројектима како Рајта тако и Нојтре значајну улогу има водена површина. Његове представе су се уклапали у захтеве његових инвеститора. Једна од најпознатијих Нојтриних зграда је зграда за Едгара Кауфмана („Kaufmann Desert House“) из 1946. која је уклопљена у пејзаже у близину Палм Спрингса у Калифорнији. Године 1952. пројектовао је „Moore House“ у Охаи („Ојаи“) у коме доминира рефлектујући мали рибњак и по речима његовог сина Диона зграда плива на воденој башти. Рихард Нојтра је преминуо 1970. у Вупелталу. Његов рад наставио је његов син Дион, поготово у 1990- тим годинама. Нојтра је почасни грађанин Беча и у делу града који се назива Леополдау постоји улица са његовим именом. Избор из његових дела Lovell House, Лос Анђелес, 1927 — 1929. Neutra House, Лос Ангелес, 1933. (преградња 1964. ) Школа „Corona School“, Бел Калифорнија, 1935. Desert House, Колорадо, 1946. „Case studies“, Калифорнија, 1946—1950. Kaufmann House, Палм Спрингс, Калифорнија, 1947. Методистичка црква Rivera Methodist Curch, Редондо Бич, Калифорнија, 1958. Музеј Lincoln Memorial Museum, Гетисбург, Пенсилванија, 1963. Основна школаGrundschule, Лемуре, Калифорниен, 1964. Насеље Neutra Siedlung, Morfelden- Valdorf, Немачка, 1964. Haus Rentsch, Бернер Оберланд, Швајцарска, 1965.- хортикултура Ернст Крамер Haus Bucerius, Тессин, Швајцарска, 1965.- хортикултура Ернст Крамер Наслеђе Нојтрин син Дион је држао канцеларије у Сребрном језеру које је дизајнирао и изградио његов отац отворене као „Richard and Dion Neutra Architecture” у Лос Анђелесу. Пословна зграда Нојтра је наведена у Националном регистру историјских места.[5] Године 1980, Нојтрина удовица је донирала Ван дер Лиув зграду (VDL истраживачка кућа), тада процењену на 207.500 долара, Државном политехничком универзитету Калифорније, Помона (Кал Поли Помона) да је користе професори и студенти универзитетског Колеџа за дизајн животне средине.[6][7] Године 2011, Крониш (1954) на 9439 Сансет булевару на Беверли Хилсу израђена по Нојтрином дизајну продата је за 12,8 милиона долара.[8] Године 2009, изложба „Ричард Нојтра, архитекта: скице и цртежи“ у Централној библиотеци Лос Анђелеса представљала је избор Нојтриних путописних скица, цртежа фигура и приказа зграда. Изложбу о раду архитекте у Европи између 1960. и 1979. године поставила је MARTa Херфорд, Немачка. Кауфманову пустињску кућу је обновила агенција Marmol Radziner + Associates средином 1990-их.[9] Фамилија слова Нојтрафејс, коју је дизајнирао Кристијан Шварц за House Industries, заснована је на архитектури и принципима дизајна Ричарда Нојтре. Године 1977, постхумно је награђен AIA златном медаљом, а 2015. награђен је Златном палмином звездом на Стази звезда у Палм Спрингсу у Калифорнији.[10] Richard Joseph Neutra (/ˈnɔɪtrə/ NOI-tra;[1] April 8, 1892 – April 16, 1970) was an Austrian-American architect. Living and building for most of his career in Southern California, he came to be considered a prominent and important modernist architect.[2][3] His most notable works include the Kaufmann Desert House, in Palm Springs, California. Biography Neutra was born in Leopoldstadt, the second district of Vienna, Austria Hungary, on April 8, 1892, into a wealthy Jewish family. His Jewish-Hungarian father Samuel Neutra (1844–1920),[4][5] was a proprietor of a metal foundry, and his mother, Elizabeth `Betty` Glaser[6] Neutra (1851–1905) was a member of the IKG Wien. Richard had two brothers, who also emigrated to the United States, and a sister, Josephine Theresia `Pepi` Weixlgärtner, an artist who married the Austrian art historian Arpad Weixlgärtner and who later emigrated to Sweden. Her work can be seen at the Modern Art Museum in Stockholm.[7] Neutra attended the Sophiengymnasium in Vienna until 1910. He studied under Max Fabiani and Karl Mayreder at the Vienna University of Technology (1910–18) and also attended the private architecture school of Adolf Loos. In 1912, he undertook a study trip to Italy and the Balkans with Ernst Ludwig Freud (son of Sigmund Freud).[citation needed] In June 1914, Neutra`s studies were interrupted when he was ordered to Trebinje, where he served as an lieutenant in the artillery until the end of World War I. Dione Neutra recalled her husband Richard`s hatred of the retribution against the Serbs in an interview conducted in 1978 after his death: `He talked about the people he met [i.e. in Trebinje] … how his commander was a sadist, who was able to play out his sadistic tendencies…. He was just a small town clerk in Vienna, but then he became his commander.`[8] Neutra took a leave in 1917 to return to the Technische Hochschule to take his final examinations.[9] After World War I, Neutra moved to Switzerland, where he worked with the landscape architect Gustav Ammann. In 1921, he served briefly as city architect in the German town of Luckenwalde, and later in the same year he joined the office of Erich Mendelsohn in Berlin. Neutra contributed to the firm`s competition entry for a new commercial center for Haifa, Palestine (1922), and to the Zehlendorf housing project in Berlin (1923).[10] He married Dione Niedermann, the daughter of an architect, in 1922. They had three sons, Frank L (1924–2008), Dion (1926–2019), who became an architect and his father`s partner, and Raymond Richard Neutra (1939–), a physician and environmental epidemiologist. Richard Neutra moved to the United States by 1923 and became a naturalized citizen in 1929. He worked briefly for Frank Lloyd Wright before accepting an invitation from Rudolf Schindler, a close friend from his university days, to work and live communally in Schindler`s Kings Road House in California. Neutra`s first works in California were both in the realm of landscape architecture: namely, the grounds of the Lovell Beach House (1922–25), in Newport Beach, which Schindler had designed for Philip Lovell; and a pergola and wading pool for the complex that Wright and Schindler had designed for Aline Barnsdall on Olive Hill (1925), in Hollywood. Schindler and Neutra would go on to collaborate on an entry for the League of Nations Competition (1926–27); in the same year, they formed a firm with the planner Carol Aronovici (1881–1957), called the Architectural Group for Industry and Commerce (AGIC). Neuatra subsequently developed his own practice and went on to design numerous buildings embodying the International Style, 12 of which are designated as Historic Cultural Monuments (HCM), including the Lovell Health House (HCM #123; 1929), for the same client as the Lovell Beach House, and the Richard and Dion Neutra VDL Research House (HCM #640; 1966).[10] In California, he became celebrated for rigorously geometric but airy structures that epitomized a West Coast version of mid-century modern residential design. His clients included Edgar J. Kaufmann, (who had commissioned Wright to design Fallingwater, in Pennsylvania), Galka Scheyer, and Walter Conrad Arensberg. In the early 1930s, Neutra`s Los Angeles practice trained several young architects who went on to independent success, including Gregory Ain, Harwell Hamilton Harris, and Raphael Soriano. In 1932, he tried to move to the Soviet Union, to help design workers` housing that could be easily constructed, as a means of helping with the housing shortage.[11] In 1932, Neutra was included in the seminal MoMA exhibition on modern architecture, curated by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. From 1943 to 1944, Neutra served as a visiting professor of design at Bennington College in Bennington, Vermont. In 1949 Neutra formed a partnership with Robert E. Alexander that lasted until 1958, which finally gave him the opportunity to design larger commercial and institutional buildings. In 1955, the United States Department of State commissioned Neutra to design a new embassy in Karachi. Neutra`s appointment was part of an ambitious program of architectural commissions to renowned architects, which included embassies by Walter Gropius in Athens, Edward Durrell Stone in New Delhi, Marcel Breuer in The Hague, Josep Lluis Sert in Baghdad, and Eero Saarinen in London. In 1965, Neutra formed a partnership with his son Dion Neutra.[10] Between 1960 and 1970, Neutra created eight villas in Europe, four in Switzerland, three in Germany, and one in France. Prominent clients in this period included Gerd Bucerius, publisher of Die Zeit, as well as figures from commerce and science. His work was also part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.[12] Richard Joseph Neutra died on April 16, 1970, at the age of 78.[13] Architectural style He was known for the attention he gave to defining the real needs of his clients, regardless of the size of the project, in contrast to other architects eager to impose their artistic vision on a client. Neutra sometimes used detailed questionnaires to discover his client`s needs, much to their surprise. His domestic architecture was a blend of art, landscape, and practical comfort.[citation needed] In a 1947 article for the Los Angeles Times, `The Changing House,` Neutra emphasizes the `ready-for-anything` plan – stressing an open, multifunctional plan for living spaces that are flexible, adaptable and easily modified for any type of life or event.[14] Neutra had a sharp sense of irony. In his autobiography, Life and Shape, he included a playful anecdote about an anonymous movie producer-client who electrified the moat around the house that Neutra designed for him and had his Persian butler fish out the bodies in the morning and dispose of them in a specially designed incinerator. This was a much-embellished account of an actual client, Josef von Sternberg, who indeed had a moated house but not an electrified one.[citation needed] The novelist/philosopher Ayn Rand was the second owner of the Von Sternberg House in the San Fernando Valley (now destroyed). A photo of Neutra and Rand at the home was taken by Julius Shulman.[citation needed] Neutra`s early watercolors and drawings, most of them of places he traveled (particularly his trips to the Balkans in WWI) and portrait sketches, showed influence from artists such as Gustav Klimt, Egon Schiele etc. Neutra`s sister Josefine, who could draw, is cited as developing Neutra`s inclination towards drawing.[citation needed] Legacy Neutra`s son Dion has kept the Silver Lake offices designed and built by his father open as `Richard and Dion Neutra Architecture` in Los Angeles. The Neutra Office Building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[14] In 1980, Neutra`s widow donated the Van der Leeuw House (VDL Research House), then valued at $207,500, to California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona) to be used by the university`s College of Environmental Design faculty and students.[15][16] In 2011, the Neutra-designed Kronish House (1954) at 9439 Sunset Boulevard in Beverly Hills sold for $12.8 million.[17] In 2009, the exhibition `Richard Neutra, Architect: Sketches and Drawings` at the Los Angeles Central Library featured a selection of Neutra`s travel sketches, figure drawings and building renderings. An exhibition on the architect`s work in Europe between 1960 and 1979 was mounted by the MARTa Herford, Germany.[citation needed] The Kaufmann Desert House was restored by Marmol Radziner + Associates in the mid-1990s.[18] The typeface family Neutraface, designed by Christian Schwartz for House Industries, was based on Richard Neutra`s architecture and design principles.[citation needed] In 1977, he was posthumously awarded the AIA Gold Medal, and in 2015, he was honored with a Golden Palm Star on the Walk of Stars in Palm Springs, California.[19] Lost works Neutra`s 14,000 sqf `Windshield` house built on Fishers Island, NY for John Nicholas Brown II burned down on New Year`s Eve 1973 and was not rebuilt.[20] The 1935 Von Sternberg House in Northridge, California was demolished in 1972.[21] Neutra`s 1960 Fine Arts Building at California State University, Northridge was demolished in 1997, three years after suffering severe damage in the 1994 Northridge earthquake.[22][23] The 1962 Maslon House in Rancho Mirage, California, was demolished in 2002.[24] Neutra`s Cyclorama Building at Gettysburg was demolished by the National Park Service in March 2013.[25] The Slavin House (1956) in Santa Barbara, California was destroyed in a fire in 2001.[26] Selected works See also: Category:Richard Neutra buildings Miller House, Palm Springs Jardinette Apartments, 1928, 5128 Marathon Street, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California Lovell House, 1929, Los Angeles, California Van der Leeuw House (VDL Research House), 1932, Los Angeles, California Mosk House, 1933, 2742 Hollyridge Drive, Hollywood, California Nathan and Malve Koblick House, 1933, 98 Fairview Avenue, Atherton, California Universal-International Building (Laemmle Building), 1933, 6300 Hollywood Boulevard, Hollywood, Los Angeles, California Scheyer House, 1934, 1880 Blue Heights Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California William and Melba Beard House (with Gregory Ain), 1935, 1981 Meadowbrook, Altadena California Military Academy, 1935, Culver City, California Corona Avenue Elementary School, 1935, 3835 Bell Avenue, Bell, California Largent House, 1935, 49 Hopkins Avenue at the corner of Burnett Avenue, San Francisco. Building was demolished by new owners and as of 2018, they have been ordered to rebuild an exact replica.[27][28] Von Sternberg House, 1935, San Fernando Valley, Los Angeles Sten and Frenke House (Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #647), 1934, 126 Mabery Road, Santa Monica The Neutra House Project, 1935, Restoration of the Neutra `Orchard House` in Los Altos, California Josef Kun House, 1936, 7960 Fareholm Drive, Nichols Canyon, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California[29] Darling House,[30] 1937, 90 Woodland Avenue, San Francisco, California George Kraigher House, 1937, 525 Paredes Line Road, Brownsville, Texas Landfair Apartments, 1937, Westwood, Los Angeles, California Strathmore Apartments, 1937, Westwood, Los Angeles, California Aquino Duplex, 1937, 2430 Leavenworth Street, San Francisco Leon Barsha House (with P. Pfisterer), 1937, 302 Mesa Road, Pacific Palisades, California Miller House,[31] 1937, Palm Springs, California Windshield House,[32] 1938, Fisher`s Island, New York Albert Lewin House, 1938, 512-514 Palisades Beach Road, Santa Monica, Los Angeles Emerson Junior High School, 1938, 1650 Selby Avenue, West Los Angeles, California Ward-Berger House, 1939, 3156 North Lake Hollywood Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California Kelton Apartments, Westwood, Los Angeles Sidney Kahn House, 1940, Telegraph Hill, San Francisco Beckstrand House, 1940, 1400 Via Montemar, Palos Verdes Estates, Los Angeles County Bonnet House, 1941, 2256 El Contento Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California Neutra/Maxwell House, 1941, 475 N. Bowling Green Way, Brentwood, Los Angeles (Moved to Angelino Heights in 2008.) Van Cleef Residence, 1942, 651 Warner Avenue, Westwood, Los Angeles Geza Rethy House, 1942, 2101 Santa Anita Avenue, Sierra Madre, California Channel Heights Housing Projects, 1942, San Pedro, California John Nesbitt House, 1942, 414 Avondale, Brentwood, Los Angeles Kaufmann Desert House,[33][34][35] 1946, Palm Springs, California Stuart Bailey House, 1948, Pacific Palisades, California (Case Study 20A) Case Study Houses #6, #13, #20A, #21A Schmidt House, 1948, 1460 Chamberlain Road, Linda Vista, Pasadena, California Joseph Tuta House, 1948, 1800 Via Visalia, Palos Verdes, California Holiday House Motel, 1948, 27400 Pacific Coast Highway, Malibu, California Elkay Apartments, 1948, 638-642 Kelton Avenue, Westwood, Los Angeles Gordon Wilkins House, 1949, 528 South Hermosa Place, South Pasadena, California[36][37] Alpha Wirin House, 1949, 2622 Glendower Avenue, Los Feliz, Los Angeles Hines House, 1949, 760 Via Somonte, Palos Verdes, California Atwell House, 1950, 1411 Atwell Road, El Cerrito, California Nick Helburn House, 1950, Sourdough Road, Bozeman, Montana Neutra Office Building — Neutra`s design studio from 1950 to 1970 Kester Avenue Elementary School, 5353 Kester Avenue, Los Angeles (with Dion Neutra), 1951, Sherman Oaks, California Everist House, 1951, 200 W. 45th Street, Sioux City, Iowa[38] Moore House, 1952, Ojai, California (received AIA award) Perkins House, 1952–55, 1540 Poppypeak Drive, Pasadena, California Schaarman House, 1953, 7850 Torreyson Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California Olan G. and Aida T. Hafley House, 1953, 5561 East La Pasada Street, Long Beach[39] Brown House, 1955, 10801 Chalon Road, Bel Air, Los Angeles Kronish House, 1955, Beverly Hills, California[40] Sidney R. Troxell House,[41] 1956, 766 Paseo Miramar, Pacific Palisades, California Chuey House, 1956, 2460 Sunset Plaza Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California[42][43] Clark House, 1957, Pasadena, California Airman`s Memorial Chapel, 1957, 5702 Bauer Road, Miramar, California Sorrell`s House, 1957, Old State Highway 127, Shoshone, California[44] Ferro Chemical Company Building, 1957, Cleveland, Ohio The Lew House, 1958, 1456 Sunset Plaza Drive, Los Angeles Connell House, 1958, Pebble Beach, California Mellon Hall and Francis Scott Key Auditorium, 1958, St. John`s College, Annapolis, Maryland Riviera United Methodist Church, 1958, 375 Palos Verdes Boulevard, Redondo Beach Loring House, 1959, 2456 Astral Drive, Los Angeles (addition by Escher GuneWardena Architecture, 2006 Singleton House, 1959, 15000 Mulholland Drive, Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California Oyler House, 1959 Lone Pine, California UCLA Lab School, 1959 (with Robert Alexander)[45] Garden Grove Community Church, Community Church, 1959 (Fellowship Hall and Offices), 1961 (Sanctuary), 1968 (Tower of Hope), Garden Grove, California Three senior officer`s quarters on Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, 1959 Julian Bond House, 1960, 4449 Yerba Santa, San Diego, California R.J. Neutra Elementary School, 1960, Naval Air Station Lemoore, in Lemoore, California (designed in 1929) Buena Park Swim Stadium and Recreation Center, 1960, 7225 El Dorado Drive, Buena Park, California[46] Palos Verdes High School, 1961, 600 Cloyden Road, Palos Verdes, California Haus Rang, 1961, Königstein im Taunus, Germany Hans Grelling House/Casa Tuia on Monte Verità, 1961, Strada del Roccolo 11, Ascona, Tessin, Switzerland Los Angeles County Hall of Records, 1962, Los Angeles, California. Gettysburg Cyclorama, 1962, Gettysburg National Military Park, Pennsylvania Gonzales Gorrondona House, 1962, Avenida la Linea 65, Sabana Grande, Caracas, Venezuela Bewobau Residences, 1963, Quickborn near Hamburg, Germany Mariners Medical Arts, 1963, Newport Beach, California Painted Desert Visitor Center, 1963, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona United States Embassy, (later US Consulate General until 2011), 1959, Abdullaha Haroon Road, Karachi, Pakistan[47] Swirbul Library, 1963, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York Kuhns House, 1964, Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California Rice House (National Register of Historic Places), 1964, 1000 Old Locke Lane, Richmond, Virginia VDL II Research House,[48][49][50] 1964, (rebuilt with son Dion Neutra) Los Angeles, California Rentsch House, 1965, Wengen near Berne in Switzerland; Landscape architect: Ernst Cramer Ebelin Bucerius House, 1962–1965, Brione sopra Minusio in Switzerland; Landscape architect: Ernst Cramer Roberson Memorial Center, 1965, Binghamton, New York Haus Kemper, 1965, Wuppertal, Germany Sports and Congress Center, 1965, Reno, Nevada Delcourt House, 1968–69, Croix, Nord, France Haus Pescher, 1969, Wuppertal, Germany Haus Jürgen Tillmanns, 1970, Stettfurt, Thurgau, Switzerland Publications 1927: Wie Baut Amerika? (How America Builds) (Julius Hoffman) 1930: Amerika: Die Stilbildung des neuen Bauens in den Vereinigten Staaten (Anton Schroll Verlag). New Ways of Building in the World [series], vol. 2. Edited by El Lissitzky. 1935: `New Elementary Schools for America`. Architectural Forum. 65 (1): 25–36. January 1935. 1948: Architecture of Social Concern in Regions of Mild Climate (Gerth Todtman) 1951: Mystery and Realities of the Site (Morgan & Morgan) 1954: Survival Through Design (Oxford University Press) 1956: Life and Human Habitat (Alexander Koch Verlag). 1961: Welt und Wohnung (Alexander Kock Verlag) 1962: Life and Shape: an Autobiography (Appleton-Century-Crofts), reprinted 2009 (Atara Press) 1962: Auftrag für morgen (Claassen Verlag) 1962: World and Dwelling (Universe Books) 1970: Naturnahes Bauen (Alexander Koch Verlag) 1971: Building With Nature (Universe Books) 1974: Wasser Steine Licht (Parey Verlag) 1977: Bauen und die Sinneswelt (Verlag der Kunst) 1989: Nature Near: The Late Essays of Richard Neutra (Capra Press)