DRAGONBALL 06 MANGA Šifra artikla: 377922 Isbn: 9781569319253 Autor : Akira Toriyama Izdavač : VIZ MEDIA In the frozen north, Goku's one-man fight against the Red Ribbon Army continues as he storms the perilous Muscle Tower! Can he defeat General White's squad of ninjas, cyborgs, and worse, and save the peaceful people of Jingle Village from their oppressors? Then, Gorku travels to the City of the W... Detaljnije In the frozen north, Goku's one-man fight against the Red Ribbon Army continues as he storms the perilous Muscle Tower! Can he defeat General White's squad of ninjas, cyborgs, and worse, and save the peaceful people of Jingle Village from their oppressors? Then, Gorku travels to the City of the West to visit his old friend Bulma, who joins him on his quest, bringing her latest inventions. Their quest for the next Dragon Ball takes them around the world to a jungle island in the South Seas...but to get THIS Dragon Ball they'll have to go through General Blue! Ime/Nadimak Email adresa Poruka POŠALJI Kategorija MANGA Autor Akira Toriyama Težina specifikacija 0.5 kg Izdavač VIZ MEDIA Pismo Latinica Povez Broš Godina 2003 Format 12,5x19,5 Strana 192 Obavezni kolačići čine stranicu upotrebljivom omogućavanjem osnovnih funkcija kao što su navigacija stranicom i pristup zaštićenim područjima. Sajt koristi kolačiće koji su neophodni za pravilno funkcionisanje naše veb stranice kako bi se omogućile određene tehničke funkcije i tako vam pružilo pozitivno korisničko iskustvo. Statistički kolačići anonimnim prikupljanjem i slanjem podataka pomažu vlasnicima web lokacija da razumeju kako posetioci komuniciraju sa stranicom. To su kolačići koji omogućavaju web analitiku sajta, odnosno analizu upotrebe naših stranica i merenje prometa, koje sajt sprovodi u cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta i sadržaja ponuđenih usluga. Marketinški kolačići se koriste za praćenje posetilaca putem web stranice. Koriste se za prikazivanje relevantnih oglasa korisnicima i podsticanje da učestvuju, što je važno za nezavisne izdavače i oglašavače. Sajt koristi Google Analytics kolačiće ads/ga-audiences i collect, te Facebook kolačiće fr i tr.

Disk ocena 4++/5- Buklet je malo slabije očuvan. Label: Polystar – 541 477-2 Series: Bang! – 1 Format: CD, Compilation Country: Europe Released: 2000 Genre: Electronic, Hip Hop, Pop Style: Euro House, Trance, Europop, Breakbeat 1. A*Teens – Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight) 3:45 2. Aqua – Cartoon Heroes 3:38 3. Loona – La Vida (Es Una Flor) 3:54 4. Rollergirl – Eternal Flame 3:44 5. Passion Fruit – Wonderland 3:33 6. Vengaboys – Megamix 3:44 7. Tom Jones Feat. Mousse T. – Sex Bomb 3:31 8. Britney Spears – Born To Make You Happy 3:35 9. Flying Steps – In Da Arena (Situation) 3:20 10. Oli P. – Niemals mehr 3:51 11. Westlife – I Have A Dream 4:06 12. B-Uneek – Eeney Meeney 3:12 13. Charly Lownoise & Mental Theo – Girls 3:12 14. Schönheitsfehler – Duo statt Solo 3:51 15. Rednex – The Way I Mate 3:46 16. Alice Deejay – Back In My Life 3:25 17. Tyrone – Ayleen 3:22 18. Marco – Weißt Du wie ich 4:06 19. The Kelly Family – I Wanna Kiss You 3:51 20. Dragon Ball – Das Geheimnis der Dragon Balls 3:01

Izdavač: Carlsen Comics Godina izdanja: 2005. Povez: Broširan Format: 16 cm Broj strana: Stanje: Veoma dobro Beschreibung: Neuware - Der beliebteste Manga der Welt!Erlebe die Geschichte des zukünftigen Königs der Piraten in einer unvergleichlichen Geschichte voller Action, Abenteuer, Dramatik, Freundschaft und Humor. Mit über 500 Millionen verkauften Bänden weltweit istOne Piecedie meistverkaufte Mangaserie der Geschichte!Die geheimnisvolle Stadt Water Seven wird Kapitän Ruffy und seinen Piraten allmählich zum Verhängnis: Die Bande fällt auseinander und Nico Robin soll einen Mordanschlag auf den Bürgermeister verübt haben. Auf einmal scheinen wirklich alle hinter den »Strohhüten« her zu sein! Wer steckt wirklich hinter den Machenschaften Welches Geheimnis verbirgt sich hinter der «Neunten Gerechtigkeit« Auf der Suche nach Antworten geht Ruffy den gewohnten Weg: mit dem Kopf durch die Wand!Für Fans von Naruto, Dragon Ball, My Hero Academia und Fairy Tail!

Prodaja Mangi Neke od dostupnih Mangi: Naruto, One Piece, Dragon Ball, Bleach, Attack on Titan (Shingeki no Kyojin), Death Note, Fullmetal Alchemist, One Punch Man, My Hero Academia (Boku no Hero Academia), Tokyo Ghoul, Naruto: Shippuden, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, Hunter x Hunter, Yu Yu Hakusho, Fairy Tail, Doraemon, Detective Conan, Neon Genesis Evangelion, Cowboy Bebop, Astro Boy (Tetsuwan Atom), Princess Mononoke, Spirited Away, Ghost in the Shell, Akira, My Neighbor Totoro, Dragon Ball Z, Pokémon Adventures, Sailor Moon, Death Note: Another Note - The Los Angeles BB Murder Cases, Elfen Lied, Inuyasha, Mobile Suit Gundam, Black Butler (Kuroshitsuji), Sword Art Online, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Vampire Knight, Ao Haru Ride, Blue Exorcist, Soul Eater, Ouran High School Host Club, Berserk, Fruits Basket, Great Teacher Onizuka, Rurouni Kenshin, Lovely★Complex, The Seven Deadly Sins (Nanatsu no Taizai), Noragami, Black Clover, Boruto: Naruto Next Generations, JoJo`s Bizarre Adventure, Initial D, Claymore, Bakuman, High School of the Dead, Parasyte (Kiseijuu), Shaman King, D. Gray-man, Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic, The Promised Neverland, Gantz, Nana, Rosario + Vampire, Air Gear, Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha, A Silent Voice (Koe no Katachi), To Love-Ru, Slam Dunk, Dr. Stone, Beelzebub, Toriko, Elfen Lied: Elfen Song, Hellsing, Fushigi Yû gi, Trigun, Skip Beat! , Food Wars! (Shokugeki no Soma), Fist of the North Star (Hokuto no Ken), Yuri on Ice, The Rising of the Shield Hero (Tate no Yuusha no Nariagari), Radiant, Black Cat, Edens Zero, My Youth Romantic Comedy Is Wrong, As I Expected (Oregairu), Land of the Lustrous (Houseki no Kuni), Fire Force (En`en no Shouboutai), Jujutsu Kaisen, Beastars, Spy x Family, Chainsaw Man, Solo Leveling, Kaiju No. 8, Mashle: Magic and Muscles, Act-Age, Undead Unluck, Agravity Boys, Dr. Stone Reboot: Byakuya, The Quintessential Quintuplets (Gotoubun no Hanayome), We Never Learn (Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai), The Promised Neverland: Gag Manga Theater, Love, Chunibyo &Other Delusions (Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! ) I jos mnogo drugih Najbolje je da posaljete poruku i pitate da li imamo mangu/vol. koj zelite : ) Za proveru stanja/dostupnosti mange koja vas zanima posaljite nam poruku :)

Detalji predmeta Stanje Nekorišćeno Prodaja Mangi Neke od dostupnih Mangi: Naruto, One Piece, Dragon Ball, Bleach, Attack on Titan (Shingeki no Kyojin), Death Note, Fullmetal Alchemist, One Punch Man, My Hero Academia (Boku no Hero Academia), Tokyo Ghoul, Naruto: Shippuden, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, Hunter x Hunter, Yu Yu Hakusho, Fairy Tail, Doraemon, Detective Conan, Neon Genesis Evangelion, Cowboy Bebop, Astro Boy (Tetsuwan Atom), Princess Mononoke, Spirited Away, Ghost in the Shell, Akira, My Neighbor Totoro, Dragon Ball Z, Pokémon Adventures, Sailor Moon, Death Note: Another Note - The Los Angeles BB Murder Cases, Elfen Lied, Inuyasha, Mobile Suit Gundam, Black Butler (Kuroshitsuji), Sword Art Online, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Vampire Knight, Ao Haru Ride, Blue Exorcist, Soul Eater, Ouran High School Host Club, Berserk, Fruits Basket, Great Teacher Onizuka, Rurouni Kenshin, Lovely★Complex, The Seven Deadly Sins (Nanatsu no Taizai), Noragami, Black Clover, Boruto: Naruto Next Generations, JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Initial D, Claymore, Bakuman, High School of the Dead, Parasyte (Kiseijuu), Shaman King, D. Gray-man, Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic, The Promised Neverland, Gantz, Nana, Rosario + Vampire, Air Gear, Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha, A Silent Voice (Koe no Katachi), To Love-Ru, Slam Dunk, Dr. Stone, Beelzebub, Toriko, Elfen Lied: Elfen Song, Hellsing, Fushigi Yû gi, Trigun, Skip Beat! , Food Wars! (Shokugeki no Soma), Fist of the North Star (Hokuto no Ken), Yuri on Ice, The Rising of the Shield Hero (Tate no Yuusha no Nariagari), Radiant, Black Cat, Edens Zero, My Youth Romantic Comedy Is Wrong, As I Expected (Oregairu), Land of the Lustrous (Houseki no Kuni), Fire Force (En'en no Shouboutai), Jujutsu Kaisen, Beastars, Spy x Family, Chainsaw Man, Solo Leveling, Kaiju No. 8, Mashle: Magic and Muscles, Act-Age, Undead Unluck, Agravity Boys, Dr. Stone Reboot: Byakuya, The Quintessential Quintuplets (Gotoubun no Hanayome), We Never Learn (Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai), The Promised Neverland: Gag Manga Theater, Love, Chunibyo &Other Delusions (Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! ) I jos mnogo drugih Najbolje je da posaljete poruku i pitate da li imamo mangu/vol. koj zelite : ) Za proveru stanja/dostupnosti mange koja vas zanima posaljite nam poruku : )

DRAGONBALL Z 03 MANGA Šifra artikla: 368573 Isbn: 9781569319321 Autor : Akira Toriyama Izdavač : VIZ MEDIA After years of training and adventure, Goku has become Earth's ultimate warrior. And his son, Gohan, shows even greater promise. But the stakes are increasing as even deadlier enemies threaten the planet. DRAGON BALL Z is the ultimate science fiction-martial arts manga. While Goku races towards ... Detaljnije After years of training and adventure, Goku has become Earth's ultimate warrior. And his son, Gohan, shows even greater promise. But the stakes are increasing as even deadlier enemies threaten the planet. DRAGON BALL Z is the ultimate science fiction-martial arts manga. While Goku races towards Earth along the million-kilometer Serpent Road, the world's mightiest martial artists make their last stand against alien invaders determined to wipe out the human race! Piccolo. Gohan, Kuririn, Tenshinhan and Chaozu struggle five-to-one against Nappa, only to find their opponents' power is greater than they ever dreamed. Their last chance is Goku...but can he get there in time? And is even he, and the miraculous Kaio-ken, a match for Nappa's commander Vegeta? Ime/Nadimak Email adresa Poruka POŠALJI Kategorija MANGA Autor Akira Toriyama Težina specifikacija 0.5 kg Izdavač VIZ MEDIA Pismo Latinica Povez Broš Godina 2008 Format 13 x 20 Strana 192 Obavezni kolačići čine stranicu upotrebljivom omogućavanjem osnovnih funkcija kao što su navigacija stranicom i pristup zaštićenim područjima. Sajt koristi kolačiće koji su neophodni za pravilno funkcionisanje naše veb stranice kako bi se omogućile određene tehničke funkcije i tako vam pružilo pozitivno korisničko iskustvo. Statistički kolačići anonimnim prikupljanjem i slanjem podataka pomažu vlasnicima web lokacija da razumeju kako posetioci komuniciraju sa stranicom. To su kolačići koji omogućavaju web analitiku sajta, odnosno analizu upotrebe naših stranica i merenje prometa, koje sajt sprovodi u cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta i sadržaja ponuđenih usluga. Marketinški kolačići se koriste za praćenje posetilaca putem web stranice. Koriste se za prikazivanje relevantnih oglasa korisnicima i podsticanje da učestvuju, što je važno za nezavisne izdavače i oglašavače. Sajt koristi Google Analytics kolačiće ads/ga-audiences i collect, te Facebook kolačiće fr i tr.

Prodaja MangiNeke od dostupnih Mangi: Naruto, One Piece, Dragon Ball, Bleach, Attack on Titan (Shingeki no Kyojin), Death Note, Fullmetal Alchemist, One Punch Man, My Hero Academia (Boku no Hero Academia), Tokyo Ghoul, Naruto: Shippuden, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, Hunter x Hunter, Yu Yu Hakusho, Fairy Tail, Doraemon, Detective Conan, Neon Genesis Evangelion, Cowboy Bebop, Astro Boy (Tetsuwan Atom), Princess Mononoke, Spirited Away, Ghost in the Shell, Akira, My Neighbor Totoro, Dragon Ball Z, Pokémon Adventures, Sailor Moon, Death Note: Another Note - The Los Angeles BB Murder Cases, Elfen Lied, Inuyasha, Mobile Suit Gundam, Black Butler (Kuroshitsuji), Sword Art Online, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Vampire Knight, Ao Haru Ride, Blue Exorcist, Soul Eater, Ouran High School Host Club, Berserk, Fruits Basket, Great Teacher Onizuka, Rurouni Kenshin, Lovely★Complex, The Seven Deadly Sins (Nanatsu no Taizai), Noragami, Black Clover, Boruto: Naruto Next Generations, JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Initial D, Claymore, Bakuman, High School of the Dead, Parasyte (Kiseijuu), Shaman King, D. Gray-man, Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic, The Promised Neverland, Gantz, Nana, Rosario + Vampire, Air Gear, Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha, A Silent Voice (Koe no Katachi), To Love-Ru, Slam Dunk, Dr. Stone, Beelzebub, Toriko, Elfen Lied: Elfen Song, Hellsing, Fushigi Yû gi, Trigun, Skip Beat! , Food Wars! (Shokugeki no Soma), Fist of the North Star (Hokuto no Ken), Yuri on Ice, The Rising of the Shield Hero (Tate no Yuusha no Nariagari), Radiant, Black Cat, Edens Zero, My Youth Romantic Comedy Is Wrong, As I Expected (Oregairu), Land of the Lustrous (Houseki no Kuni), Fire Force (En'en no Shouboutai), Jujutsu Kaisen, Beastars, Spy x Family, Chainsaw Man, Solo Leveling, Kaiju No. 8, Mashle: Magic and Muscles, Act-Age, Undead Unluck, Agravity Boys, Dr. Stone Reboot: Byakuya, The Quintessential Quintuplets (Gotoubun no Hanayome), We Never Learn (Bokutachi wa Benkyou ga Dekinai), The Promised Neverland: Gag Manga Theater, Love, Chunibyo &Other Delusions (Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! )I jos mnogo drugihNajbolje je da posaljete poruku i pitate da li imamo mangu/vol. koj zelite : )Za proveru stanja/dostupnosti mange koja vas zanima posaljite nam poruku : )

Astra Lost in Space, Vol. 1 What starts as a pleasant class trip to a planet five light-years away from Earth becomes a nightmare survival trip back home from 5,000 light-years away. It’s the year 2063, and interstellar space travel has become the norm. Eight students from Caird High School and one child set out on a routine planet camp excursion. While there, the students are mysteriously transported 5,000 light-years away to the middle of nowhere! Will they ever make it back to Earth?! It's the first day of Planet Camp, and Aries Spring couldn't be more excited! She, along with eight other strangers, leave for Planet McPa for a weeklong excursion. Soon after they arrive, however, a mysterious orb appears and transports them into the depths of space, where they find an empty floating spaceship… * Science fiction survival epic from the creator of Sket Dance! * Releases two times a year for 2+ volumes. Series is ongoing. * Twice a week free serialization on viz.com/shonenjump alongside Boruto and Dragon Ball Super. * Creator's other manga, Sket Dance!, has an anime streaming on Crunchyroll. * Has a simultaneous, fully voiced video-comic version of the manga in Japan.

- YU-GI-OH! GX DUEL ACADEMY BOX - SPEED DUEL - Ovo pakovanje sadrži 8 kompletnih spilova, 200 karata iz doba GX ere, kao i specijalno pakovanje sa 8 svetlucavih karata! Tu je i 20 Skill kartica GX likova, uputstvo i podloge za igru. YuGiOh! GX era je tu! Jedna od najpoularnijih! Vratite se u Dvoboj Akademiju i ponovo iskusite moćne špilove tog doba! Jadenovi Elementalni Heroji su ponovo tu da stanu na megdan Asterovim Herojima Sudbine! Iskoristite Oblakoder da pojačajte legendarnog Ognjenog Krilatog heroja i savladajte protivnička čudovišta, prizovite moćnog Drevnog Golema čiji se napad ne može zaustaviti, ili iskoristite Zejnove Sajber Zmajeve za jedan završni udarac! Saljem Post Express-om nakon uplate na racun. Lično preuzimanje je moguće u Nišu i Kragujevcu. POGLEDAJTE i druge PONUDE medju mojim predmetima !!! https://www.kupindo.com/Clan/ristarex87/SpisakPredmeta Tagovi: idealan rođendanski poklon povoljno karte igračke igračka za dete decu dečaka retko novo aktuelno crtani film serija Zmaj Yugi Moto Seto Kaiba Goku Dragon Ball Pokemon Digimon Pokemoni Digimoni Yu-Gi-Oh! Yu gi oh Duel Monsters GX 5Ds ZEXAL Pendulum ARC-V VRAINS SEVENS Capsule Monsters Mini Figure Case Arena Kazuki Takahashi 1996 Jugio KONAMI

DRAGONBALL 14 MANGA Šifra artikla: 377929 Isbn: 9781591161691 Autor : Akira Toriyama Izdavač : VIZ MEDIA Goku is the world's only hope--the only being on Earth capable of fighting Piccolo, the Great Demon King! But the city-demolishing battle ends with Piccolo birthing a younger, even tougher version of himself, who will return in three years time to finish the destruction wrought by his father! In ... Detaljnije Goku is the world's only hope--the only being on Earth capable of fighting Piccolo, the Great Demon King! But the city-demolishing battle ends with Piccolo birthing a younger, even tougher version of himself, who will return in three years time to finish the destruction wrought by his father! In search of a way to defeat the new Piccolo, Goku's gaze turns skyward--to the heavenly realm of Kami-sama, creator of the Dragon Balls, deity of the Dragon Ball world. Ime/Nadimak Email adresa Poruka POŠALJI Kategorija MANGA Autor Akira Toriyama Težina specifikacija 0.5 kg Izdavač VIZ MEDIA Pismo Latinica Povez Broš Godina 2004 Format 12,5x19,5 Strana 192 Obavezni kolačići čine stranicu upotrebljivom omogućavanjem osnovnih funkcija kao što su navigacija stranicom i pristup zaštićenim područjima. Sajt koristi kolačiće koji su neophodni za pravilno funkcionisanje naše veb stranice kako bi se omogućile određene tehničke funkcije i tako vam pružilo pozitivno korisničko iskustvo. Statistički kolačići anonimnim prikupljanjem i slanjem podataka pomažu vlasnicima web lokacija da razumeju kako posetioci komuniciraju sa stranicom. To su kolačići koji omogućavaju web analitiku sajta, odnosno analizu upotrebe naših stranica i merenje prometa, koje sajt sprovodi u cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta i sadržaja ponuđenih usluga. Marketinški kolačići se koriste za praćenje posetilaca putem web stranice. Koriste se za prikazivanje relevantnih oglasa korisnicima i podsticanje da učestvuju, što je važno za nezavisne izdavače i oglašavače. Sajt koristi Google Analytics kolačiće ads/ga-audiences i collect, te Facebook kolačiće fr i tr.

Spoljašnjost kao na fotografijama, unutrašnjost u dobrom i urednom stanju! One Piece 1: Romantična zora ------ Ima nekoliko kvacica ostavljeno na margini nem. olovkom nista strasno. Na stranici sa sadrzajem. Izdavač: Darkwood Naslovna strana: Eiichiro Oda Scenario: Eiichiro Oda Crtež: Eiichiro Oda Naslov originala: Romance Dawn Broj originala: 1 Format: 130 x 190 mm Povez: meki Boja: crno-belo Broj strana: 208 One Piece 2: Protiv Bagijevih gusara ----- Ima nekoliko kvacica ostavljeno na margini nem. olovkom nista strasno. Na stranici sa sadrzajem. Lufi, Nami i Zoro se sukobljavaju sa okrutnim piratom Klovnom Bagijem i njegovom gusarskom družinom. Izazovi koji su pred njih postavljeni čine da se njihovi međuodnosi menjaju. Jedna od najvećih avantura pripovedanih u devetoj umetnosti se nastavlja u drugom tankobonu: One Piece 2 – Protiv Bagijevih gusara Izdavač: Darkwood Naslovna strana: Eiichiro Oda Scenario: Eiichiro Oda Crtež: Eiichiro Oda Naslov originala: Buggy the Clown Broj originala: 2 Format: 130 x 190 mm Povez: meki Boja: crno-belo Broj strana: 208 One Piece 8: Ne smem umreti --- Ima nekoliko kvacica ostavljeno na margini nem. olovkom nista strasno. Na stranici sa sadrzajem. Izdavač: Darkwood Naslovna strana: Eiichiro Oda Scenario: Eiichiro Oda Crtež: Eiichiro Oda Naslov originala: I Won’t Die Broj originala: 8 Format: 130 x 190 mm Povez: meki Boja: crno-belo Broj strana: 208 Ploveći morem, Lufi nalazi nove prijatelje – Zoroa, Nami i Usopa. Njihova destinacija je Opasna zona. Ali pre nego što krenu ka njoj, odlučuju da se ukotve pri jednom restoranu na moru kako bi pronašli kuvara za svoju posadu. Tamo upoznaju pomoćnika glavnog kuvara po imenu Sanđi i on im krade srca. Tada se pojavljuje najstrašniji zli pirat po imenu Don Krik, koji zahteva brod na kom se nalazi restoran. Počinje velika borba i Sanđi staje pred restoran odbijajući da ga preda piratima. Eiichiro Oda[kriva transliteracija], (Kumamoto, 1. siječnja 1975.), japanski crtač mangi. Životopis Kao dijete bio je nadahnut gusarima i već u četvrtoj godini života mašta o crtanju stripova. Započeo je svoju stripsku karijeru 1992., sa sedamnaest godina, kad je njegov strip “Wanted!” dobio brojne nagrade od kojih je najznačajnija Jun-Nyuusen, nagrada za drugo mjesto natječaja Tezuka Awards koji je u suradnji s osobljem odgovornim za časopise Weekly Jump i Monthly Jump. Njegovo prvo djelo, ipak je “Kami Kara Mirai no Present” (Božji dar iz budućnosti) izdano u listopadu 1993. godine za izdavačku kuću Jump. Njegov je talent Jump primijetio kad je iste godine Oda nagrađen na natječaju Hot-Step Awards sa svojim radom “Ikki Yakou” (Put u đavoljoj noći). 1994., s devetnaest godina napušta fakultet odlaskom u Tokio gdje studira kao asistent tri autora Jumpa: Shinobu Kaitani (Midoriyama Police Gang), Masaya Tokuhiro (Jungle No Ouja Tar-chan; Mizu no Tomodachi Kapparman) i Nobuhiro Watsuki (Rurouni Kenshin). Tokom prakse je Eiichiro Oda objavio dvije priče: “Monsters”, 1994. u Autumn Special časopisu koji je izlazio po godišnjim dobima, izradilo ga je osoblje tjednika Jump (Akamaru Jump) i prvu od dvije verzije stripa “Romance Down” izdanog 1996. godine u Summer Special časopisu, koji kasnije postaje dio njegovog najpoznatijeg rada imena “One Piece”, čije se prvo poglavlje zove upravo “Romance Dawn”, uključujući i neke iste likove. Nakon nekoliko mjeseci ušao je i među stranice tjednika Jump s drugim poglavljem stripa “Romance Dawn”, objavljenim u izdanju broj 41, 1996. godine. Njegova gusarska pustolovina “One Piece” pojavljuje se 1997. svojim nastupom, također, u tjednom časopisu Jump. Ubrzo je postao i jedan od najpopularnijih stripova u Japanu, s više od 65 milijuna prodanih kopija. Autorov najveći utjecaj je Akira Toriyama (Dragon Ball; Dr.Slump). Eiichiro Oda oženjen je djevojkom imena Chiaki Inaba koja je glumila ulogu Nami na kazališnim performansama One Piece tijekom sajma “Jump Fest”.

Specijalna ponuda - 45 razlicitih kartica Jugio (Yu Gi Oh!),bez duplikata. Izgled kartica: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`.Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u nekoj narandzasto-braon boji. Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se ne presijava ili se slabo presijava (ne vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno i vrlo dobro),polovina ima neostre (i malo pohabane) coskove,dok su dve ostecene malo (jednoj fali parce levog gornjeg coska,a drugoj je neko odrezao bocne ivice (3-4mm sa obe strane)). Napomena 1: Na pitanja o karticama (koje se kartice dobijaju) ne mogu da odgovorim.Jer - ja cu izabrati kartice,posle kupovine (ne znam ih unapred).Ako zelite da ih vi birate,onda pogledajte moju drugu ponudu,gde je to moguce (naravno,za vise novca),ne u ovom nezavrsenom setu (lotu). A kartice koje cu izabrati ce biti nekoliko od sledecih (neke od ovih sa spiska): Ages Chang (Trap) Ancient Grab (Magic) Ancient Mechanic Emplacement (Earth) Artificial Intelligence Ballet Miniskirt (Earth) Assembly Of Counter Attack (Trap) Attacker With Chain (Wind) Attack Of The God Bird (Trap) Beast Eating Sand And Stone (Light) Biting Dinosaur (Water) Black Beetle Ball (Earth) Blade Skater (Earth) B. Skull Dragon (Dark) Blue-Eyes White Dragon (Light) Blossom Bomber (Trap) Bomb Coming For And Instant (Wind) Canceling Core Of Huge Warship (Earth) Cause Is Off From Effect (Trap) Chain Explosion (Trap) Chaos Hole (Trap) Chihousika In The Dark Circle (Dark) Cloud Monster Storm (Spell) Combination Forbidden Area (Trap) Crystal Augur (Water) Curse Seal Of The Forbidden Spell (Trap) Daemon Chaos King (Dark) D-Chain (Trap) Designator Of Abyss (Magic) Destroyer Of Memory (Dark) Deter Roars (Trap) Disturbed Muscles (Magic) Dual Of Super Lads (Trap) Electrical Bug (Earth) Electronic Dark Winged Knife (Dark) Element Absorbing Installation (Trap) Element Hero Blade Hero (Earth) Element Hero Flash Fire Wing Man (Earth) Element Hero New Water Bubble Knight (Water) Element Hero Tar Knight-Errant (Water) Element Hero The Wild Man (Earth) Element Hero Wild Winger (Earth) Elementary Hero Fortress Gunman (Earth) Energy Absorber (Trap) Equipment Spurts Ball (Trap) Evil hero Dark Gaia (Earth) Evil Martyrdom (Magic) Evite (Trap) Fenrir (Water) Fenyi Dressing-Weyi (Wind) Fighting Soul (Spell) Flint (Magic) Fortune Hero Belial Human (Dark) Fuel-Cell Battery Man (Light) Goblin`s Assassination Troop (Dark) Gogiga Gagagigo (Water) Golden Sun Insect (Light) Goodness Of Wrechacke Luying (Light) Grade Adjustment (Magic) Gravity Ball (Dark) Guard Knight (Light) H-The Fiery - Hot Heart (Magic) Heart Of Hero (Magic) Hero Lad (Earth) Herlo Flaring!! (Magic) Hidden Supporter Of The Six Warriors (Earth) Horus The Black Flame Dragon LV6 (Fire) Hunter Blau Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Infernity Inferno (Trap) Infernity Reflector (Trap) Intense Duster Drop (Trap) Inzanagy (Wind) King Dragun (Dark) King Of Mechanism Protype (Earth) Level Limit A Area (Trap) Light Apotheosis (Magic) Light Divinity Machine (Light) Light God Machine-Fire (Light) Limitation Release (Spell) Magic Battle Array (Trap) Masked Dragon (Fire) Mighty Attack (Trap) Military God Hiywa Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Monster Reborn (Magic) Mother Earth Alice (Light) Mystic Swordsman LV6 (Earth) Nobleman-Eating Bug (Earth) Number 20: Gig-Anto Brilli-Ant (Light) Overload Fusion (Spell) Perfectly Ultimate Great Moth (Earth) Primal Seed (Spell) Princess Of Magic Country-Kulan (Dark) Princess Of Magic Country Ranger (Light) Protective Clothing Alya (Water) Protonema - Little Larva (Fire) Queen Knight (Light) Quick Carddraw Stepping To Destruction (Trap) Reads Strength Commander (Earth) Reckless Greed (Trap) Relic Of The Six Warriors (Earth) Remuneration (Trap) Return Passage (Spell) Ritual Sacrifice (Dark) Royal Knight (Light) Screw Hedgehog (Earth) Salvage (Magic) Seal Of heritage (Magic) Show Show Insect (Earth) Silent Magic Master LV4 (Light) Silent Magic Master LV8 (Light) Skeleton Extraterrestrial (Wind) Sky Eyes User (Dark) Slave Ape (Earth) Sleeping Swordfight Beast (Spell) Snake God Befalls (Trap) Sorcerer Of Dark Magic (Dark) Spellbinding Circle (Trap) Spiral Dinosaur (Water) Spirit Brain Evil (Light) Spirit Fiend (Dark) Star Dust Dragon (Wind) Strong Soldier Beiji Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Successful Viper XX03 (Light) Summon Of The Magnates Circle LV2 (Magic) Superfusioned Monster Rapudinos (Light) Super Vehicle Huge Drill (Earth) Surpass The Boundary (Trap) Swing Of The Memory (Spell) Swordfight Beast Heavy-Duty Dipper (Earth) Swordfight Beast Weapon Arm Armour (Spell) Swordfight Beast Weapon Dagger (Spell) Swordfight Beasts Weapon Halberd (Spell) Swordfight Shrakelue (Fire) The Chemical Reaction - H2O (Magic) The Lucky Flutist (Wind) The Relieving Of The Layard (Light) Thunder In Dark World (Magic) Toy Wizard (Light) Tribute To The Doomed (Magic) Triple Death Of Frog (Water) UFO Warrior (Light) V-Jet Tiger (Light) Vacuum Weasel (Wind) Venom-Rattlesnake (Earth) VW-Ejection Tiger (Light) W-Eject Flying Wings (Light) Warrior God Gord Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Whirl Darts (Magic) Wind Of The Wing (Trap) Wing Dispersion (Magic) Worm Call (Spell) Napomena 2: Slika,koja prikazuje prednji i zadnji deo kartice,je tu samo primera radi - da bi mogli da indetifikujete da li su to te koje trazite (da bi izbegli eventualnu zabunu).Sama ta prikazana kartica ili broj (niti drugi brojevi koji se vide) mozda nije u ponudi. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to! Godina je stavljena okvirno (ne znam je). Moze zamena za drugo.

Specijalna ponuda - 18 razlicitih kartica Jugio (Yu Gi Oh!),bez duplikata. Izgled kartica: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku ne pise nista,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`.Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u nekoj braon-narandzastoj boji.Manje-vise je ista varijanta kao i ona sa braon-zutom pozadinom (sve je isto,samo je nijansa pozadine razlicita),mozda sam trebao da ih stavim u istu grupu (iovako ima previse tih razlicitih grupa). Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se presijava (vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute je napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom ocuvane (odlicno i vrlo dobro),skoro sve imaju neostre (i malo pohabane) coskove. Napomena 1: Na pitanja o karticama (koje se kartice dobijaju) ne mogu da odgovorim.Jer - ja cu izabrati kartice,posle kupovine (ne znam ih unapred).Ako zelite da ih vi birate,onda pogledajte moju drugu ponudu,gde je to moguce (naravno,za vise novca),ne u ovom nezavrsenom setu (lotu). A kartice koje cu izabrati ce biti nekoliko od sledecih (neke od ovih sa spiska): Ability Absorption Core (Trap) Advance Force (Spell) Alien Brain (Trap) Altar Of The Sun (Spell) Andro Sphynx (Light) Armored Mantis (Light) Black Bulldrago (Fire) Black Botan (Dark) Capture The Trap (Trap) Crimson Designator (Trap) Crusader Of Endymion (Light) Cyber Twin Dragon (Light) Dark Structure (Light) Despair From The Dark (Dark) Devillian Song (Trap) Deadboy Wizard (Dark) Earthbound Immortal Uru (Dark) Earthbound Immortal Wiraqocha Rasca (Dark) Element Hero LAVA Newborn Swordsman (Fire) Element Hero Sub Newborn Swordsman (Light) Rtreme Jade God Rainbow Dragon (Light) Flint Fighter (Light) Flint Striking (Spell) Fortune Future (Spell) Geargia-Gear (Trap) Cift Card (Trap) Godalos (Water) Gravity Ball (Dark) Ground Spider (Earth) Gundari (Fire) Huge Saturn (Dark) Hunter Owl (Wind) Infernity Force (Trap) Insect Cage (Spell) Jade Beast Sapphire Horse (Wind) Koa`ki Meiru Rooklord (Earth) Legitimate Lineage (Trap) Long-Life Dragon (Wind) Machine Developer (Spell) Machine King - B.C. 3000 (Trap) Max Warrior (Wind) New Space Swordsman - Oceanic Dolphin (Water) Orge Of Bloody Tear (Trap) Pandaborg (Water) Quick Synchron (Wind) Reb Ant Azcatl (Earth) Reptiless Spawn (Spell) Ritual Of Destruction (Spell) Ritual Sacrifise (Earth) - varijanta 1,narandzasto-braon pozadina (slika,ATK/DEF leveli,kao i pozadina - sve se razlikuje od druge varijante) Ritual Sacrifise (Dark) - varijanta 2,narandzasto-zuta pozadina (slika,ATK/DEF leveli,kao i pozadina - sve se razlikuje od prve varijante) Saber Hole (Trap) Sacrifice Spider (Earth) Scorching King Palon (Fire) Seal Of Crushing Evil (Trap) Shretsudder (Earth) Sinovenator (Earth) Soldier Extraterrestrial (Earth) Solitaire Magical (Light) Soul Defender (Dark) Spyder Spider (Earth) Stardust Xiaolong (Light) Stone Statue Of Weeping God (Dark) Swift! Fierce Sword Fight (Trap) The Six Warmasters - Irou (Dark) Time Passage (Spell) Titan Gogol (Earth) Toned Magician (Wind) Tornado Monster In The Desert (Wind) Transaction Of Magic (Trap) Treasure Of Harmony (Spell) Tricler (Earth) Uforoid Fighter (Light) Unicler (Earth) Volcanic Mouse (Fire) Napomena 2: Slika,koja prikazuje prednji i zadnji deo kartice,je tu samo primera radi - da bi mogli da indetifikujete da li su to te koje trazite (da bi izbegli eventualnu zabunu).Sama ta prikazana kartica ili broj (niti drugi brojevi koji se vide) mozda nije u ponudi. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to! Godina je stavljena okvirno (ne znam je). Moze zamena za drugo.

Kartice iz ove grupe su NEKORISTENE (NOVE)! Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`. Nema zastitnu foliju.Attribute napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom.U donjem desnom cosku imaju onaj srebrni kvadratic. Opste stanje: Grubo - vecina kartica su nove (nekoristene),a manji broj imaju manje znake pohabanosti na coskovima (koristene su). Te sto su vec koristene su obelezene zvezdicom (*),one su 30% jeftinije. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Apoqliohort Killer (Earth) x2 Backfire (Trap) - ima zlatni znak u cosku,ona je duplo skuplja Backup Secretary (Light) Battle Ox (Earth) Battlin` Boxer Shadow (Fire)* Big Jaws (Water) Blue-Eye White Ka Dragon (Light) x2 Bugman Y (Dark) x2 (imaju blage znake pohabanosti na gornjim coskovima) Bunnila (Earth) Chain Shooter (Earth) - ima blage znake pohabanosti na gornjim coskovima Child Tanuki Tantan (Earth) Cobra Jar (Earth) Cold Enchanter (Water)* Copy Knight (Trap) x2 Damage Diet (Trap) Darkness King Prometes (Dark) x2 Darkstorm Dragon (Dark)* Daybreaker (Light) x4 Dead Decks Destroy Virus (Trap)* Death King Lich Lord (Dark) x2 Deck Devastation Virus (Trap)* Decent Of Snake Lord (Trap) x2 Deep Dark Trap Hole (Trap) x3 Deformer Clockn (Light) Deskbot 008 (Dark) - ima kao neku mrlju u donjem desnom cosku Deskbot 009 (Earth) Deskbot Jet (Light) x3 Des Rabbit (Earth) x2 De-Spell (Magic) Destiny Hero Dreadmaster (Dark)* x3 (jednoj od njih je prelomljena u gornjem desnom cosku (pocela i slika da se razdvaja),ona je upola cene) Energy Brave (Light) x3 Entry Manual Of The Chivalrous Bandit (Trap) Evil Puppeteer From Hell (Dark) x2 Evoldar Diplodocus (Fire) x4 Evoldar Ulcanodon (Fire) x2 Evoldo Gephyros (Fire) x4 Evoldo Odochelys (Fire) x4 Evoldo Westlo (Fire) x2 Evil Potato (Dark) Extra Gate (Spell) x4 Extraterrestrial On The Mars (Fire) Fallen Cone (Earth) Fall Of The Bujin (Trap) False Movement (Trap) Fast Anglerfish (Water) Fate Of Evolution (Spell) x2 Flash Absorbing Spell Mirror (Trap) Flute Player Of Luck (Wind) x3 Fly-fang (Wind) x4 Frame Ogre (Fire)* Galaxy-eyes Photon Dragon (Light) x2 Gear-gearano (Earth) x3 (jedna od njih je koristena) Gem Beast - Cobalt Eagle (Wind) Genomic Fighter (Wind) Geyser Shark (Water)* Giant Gogre (Earth) x2 (jedna od njih je koristena) Giftcard (Trap)* Goblin Construction Crew (Earth) x3 Goblindbergh (Earth) x2 Goyo Emperor (Earth) x3 Growing Pinecone (Earth) x2 Gundari (Fire) - oseti se pod prstima kao neka fleka u gornjem desnom cosku,iako se nista ne vidi Gusto Codor (Wind) Hade-Hane (Earth) - ima zlatni znak u cosku,ona je duplo skuplja Hate Crevasse (Trap) x4 (jedna od njih je koristena) Hazy Flame Hyudra (Fire) Heavy Slump (Trap) Herald Glorious Light (Light) x2 Heraldic Beasts - Aberconway Dragon (Wind)* Heraldic Challenger - Swordsman (Earth) Holy Flame (Light) Ho-o (Fire) x3 Hyozanrty (Light) Infernoid Adramelech (Fire) x2 Jawsman (Water) Killer Frilled Shark (Water) King Gig (Earth) x2 Knight Of Th Archfiends (Dark) x2 Kojikocy (Earth) La Jing The Mystical Genie Of The Lamp (Dark) Lanzheng Dragon - Whirlwind Dragon (Light) Laval Enchantress of The Flamed Woodland (Fire) Love Rad Rye Dragon (Dark) Lunalight Leo Dancer (Dark) x2 Magic College - Lamaison (Spell) Magic Dessert - Mermalade Maid (Earth) - ima 2-3 fleke u gornjem desnom cosku,ona je 30% jeftinija Magic Veterinary Machine Gleefin (Wind) Mainspring Magician (Fire) x2 Meklord Army Of Wisel (Dark) Meklord Astro Dragon Asteriks (Dark) Meklord Astro Mekanikle (Light) Metal Parasite - Day Dress (Water) x2 Mysterious Puppeteer (Earth) Mystic Horseman (Earth) Mystic Tomato (Dark) Mythical Horn Beast Phypnocorn (Dark) - oseti se pod prstima da je malo izlomljena na par mesta,ona je 30% jeftinija Natural Bambooshoot (Earth) Ninjitsu Art Notebook (Spell) - talasasta je,ona je upola cene Oilman (Earth) Old Magician - Almitter (Earth) Overlay Sniper (Light) Petit Angel (Light) Phoenix Nerine (Fire) x2 Photon Booster (Spell) - prelomljeno u donjoj polovini,ona je 30% jeftinija Photon Veil (Spell) Planet Probe Vehicle (Earth) Plasma Ball (Light) Poisonous Snake Lord - Venominaga (Dark) Power Giant (Earth) Prayer Of Gem (Trap) Preacher Of The Ice Barrier (Water) Princess Of The Enchanted - Kulan (Dark) Princess Of The Enchanted - Pikeru (Light) x2 Reigeki (Spell)* - prelomljena na pola,pohabanih ivica i coskova,ona je upola cene Rai-rider (Light) x3 Reads Strenght Wall Snail (Earth) Re: EX (Light) x2 (jedna od njih je koristena) Re-Fusion (Spell) - ima zlatni znak u cosku,ona je duplo skuplja Reincarnation Dragon Samsara (Dark)* Rescue Ferret (Earth) Rescue Rabbit (Earth) Rogue Doll (Light) Ruler`s Penetrating Gaze (Trap) Sargasso`s Lighthouse (Spell) Saviour Star Dragon (Wind)* Secret Maneuvers Druid - Weed (Dark) Shadow Diver (Dark) x2 Shadow Lizard (Dark) x2 Shark Sucker (Water) x4 Shretsudder (Earth) x3 Silver Ninja (Earth) Sky Eyes User (Dark) Snowman Machine (Water) Soliciting Zombie (Trap)* - prelomljena gornjem desnom cosku,pohabanih ivica i coskova,ona je upola cene Soliciting Goblin (Trap)* Sonic Boom (Trap) Soul Convoy (Light) x4 Space Cyclone (Spell) Spearfish Soldier (Wind) x2 Speeddroid Rubberband Plane (Wind) x2 Speeddroid Skull Marbles (Wind) x2 Spiked Sunfish (Water) x2 (dve od njih su koristene) Spring Rewinding (Trap) x5 (jedna od njih je koristena) Stack Reviver (Dark) x3 Star Interval Dragon (Light) Supay (Earth) Sword Beast Rides Fights (Wind) Swordfight Beast Rope Dipper (Fire) Sword Master (Earth) x2 Syngnathus - Plesiosaur (Water) Synodus In Blue Water (Water) Synthetic Spell (Magic) Taboo Image Of Light (Light) Taciturn Psychic Priest (Earth) x2 Telepon D.D. (Earth) x2 The Dark Dragon With True Eyes (Dark) x2 The Slayer Rude (Dark)* - prelomljena,ona je upola cene Tribe-shocking Virus (Water) x2 Twister (Magic)* Tyrant`s Desperation (Trap) x2 Ultimate Gem God - Rainbow Dragon (Light)* Ultra Energy Destroyer (Earth) Uraby (Earth) Venom Boa (Earth) Venom Serpent (Dark) Venom Snake (Earth) x2 Vertical Landing (Spell) x2 Volcanic Bullet (Fire) Volcanic Devil (Fire)* Volcanic Rat (Fire) Volcanic Revolver (Fire) Volcanic Rocket (Fire) x3 (dve od njih su koristene) Watt Cancel (Trap) x4 (jedna od njih je koristena) Wattking Cobra (Light) x3 Wattkiwi (Light) Wattsquirrel (Light) Weed (Earth) Wielder Of The Dragon Flame Sword (Fire) x3 Wind-up Bat (Wind) Wind-up Hunter (Dark) x3 Wind-up Kitten (Earth) x5 Wind-up Knight (Light) Wind-up Warrior (Wind) - verzija 1,razlicita slika i ATK/DEF od druge verzije Wind-up Warrior (Wind) - verzija 2,razlicita slika i ATK/DEF od prve verzije XYZ Reversal (Trap) Yellow Duston (Earth) Zombie Master (Dark) x2 ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`.Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u nekoj narandzasto-braon boji. Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se ne presijava ili se slabo presijava (ne vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno i vrlo dobro),polovina ima neostre (i malo pohabane) coskove,dok druga polovina ima OK (ostre) coskove. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Ages Chang (Trap) Ancient Grab (Magic) Ancient Mechanic Emplacement (Earth) Artificial Intelligence Ballet Miniskirt (Earth) Assembly Of Counter Attack (Trap) x2 Attacker With Chain (Wind) Attack Of The God Bird (Trap) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani Beast Eating Sand And Stone (Light) Biting Dinosaur (Water) Black Beetle Ball (Earth) Blade Skater (Earth) B. Skull Dragon (Dark) - ima pohabane coskove,ona je upola cene Blue-Eyes Shining Dragon (Light) - malo su joj pohabane ivice i coskovi,a i slika Blossom Bomber (Trap) Bomb Coming For And Instant (Wind) Canceling Core Of Huge Warship (Earth) Cause Is Off From Effect (Trap) Chain Explosion (Trap) - blago izlomljeni coskovi Chaos Hole (Trap) Chihousika In The Dark Circle (Dark) Cloud Monster Storm (Spell) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani Combination Forbidden Area (Trap) Crystal Augur (Water) Curse Seal Of The Forbidden Spell (Trap) - coskovi i ivice su joj malo pohabani,ona je 30% jeftinija Daemon Chaos King (Dark) D-Chain (Trap) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani Designator Of Abyss (Magic) - malo ima pohabane ivice i coskove Destroyer Of Memory (Dark) Deter Roars (Trap) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani Disarm (Trap) - pohabanih coskova i malo prelomljena,ona je upola cene Disturbed Muscles (Magic) Dual Of Super Lads (Trap) x2 Electrical Bug (Earth) Electronic Dark Winged Knife (Dark) Element Absorbing Installation (Trap) Element Hero Blade Hero (Earth) Element Hero Flash Fire Wing Man (Earth) Element Hero New Water Bubble Knight (Water) x2 Element Hero Tar Knight-Errant (Water) Element Hero The Wild Man (Earth) Element Hero Wild Winger (Earth) Elementary Hero Fortress Gunman (Earth) x2 Energy Absorber (Trap) Equipment Spurts Ball (Trap) Evil hero Dark Gaia (Earth) - coskovi su malo pohabani Evil Martyrdom (Magic) x4 Evite (Trap) Fenrir (Water) - coskovi i ivice su joj pohabani,malo je `musava`,ona je upola cene Fenyi Dressing-Seta (Fire) - coskovi i ivice su joj pohabani,ona je upola cene Fenyi Dressing-Weyi (Wind) Fighting Soul (Spell) - na par mesta pohabane ivice Flint (Magic) - pohabani coskovi Fortune Hero Belial Human (Dark) Fuel-Cell Battery Man (Light) Goblin`s Assassination Troop (Dark) Gogiga Gagagigo (Water) Golden Sun Insect (Light) Goodness Of Wrechacke Luying (Light) - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Lying (ili Laying) Grade Adjustment (Magic) x2 Gravity Ball (Dark) Guard Knight (Light) H-The Fiery - Hot Heart (Magic) Heart Of Hero (Magic) x3 Hero Lad (Earth) x2 Herlo Flaring!! (Magic) Hidden Supporter Of The Six Warriors (Earth) Horus The Black Flame Dragon LV6 (Fire) Hunter Blau Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Infernity Inferno (Trap) Infernity Reflector (Trap) Intense Duster Drop (Trap) Inzanagy (Wind) King Dragun (Dark) - bas pohabanih i ivica i coskova,ona je upola cene King Of Mechanism Protype (Earth) Level Limit A Area (Trap) Light Apotheosis (Magic) - ima malo pohabane coskove Light Divinity Machine (Light) - blago prelomljena u donjoj polovini (Ne vidi se napred,samo nazad) Light God Machine-Fire (Light) Limitation Release (Spell) - coskovi i ivice su joj malo pohabani,ona je 30% jeftinija Magic Battle Array (Trap) Masked Dragon (Fire) - pohabanih i ivica i coskova,ona je upola cene Mighty Attack (Trap) - neko joj je odrezao bocne ivice (3-4mm sa obe strane) i ima prelom u donjem densom cosku,ona je upola cene Military God Hiywa Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Monster Reborn (Magic) - pohabanih i ivica i coskova,plus je nazad neko pametan napisao 2 iksa (XX) na gornjoj ivici,ona je upola cene Mother Earth Alice (Light) Mystic Swordsman LV6 (Earth) - pohabanih i ivica i coskova,ona je 30% jeftinija Nobleman-Eating Bug (Earth) - blago pohabani coskovi Number 20: Gig-Anto Brilli-Ant (Light) Overload Fusion (Spell) - izlomljena je,ona je upola cene Perfectly Ultimate Great Moth (Earth) - pohabanih i ivica i coskova,ona je 30% jeftinija Primal Seed (Spell) - ima pohabane coskove i attribute je samo na japanskom,ona je 30% jeftinija Princess Of Magic Country-Kulan (Dark) Princess Of Magic Country Ranger (Light) Protective Clothing Alya (Water) Protonema - Little Larva (Fire) Queen Knight (Light) Quick Carddraw Stepping To Destruction (Trap) Reads Strength Commander (Earth) Reckless Greed (Trap) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani Regenerating Mummy (Dark) - coskovi i ivice su joj pohabani,malo je `musava`,ona je upola cene Relic Of The Six Warriors (Earth) Remuneration (Trap) Return Passage (Spell) - malo pohabanih ivica i coskova,ona je 30% jeftinija Ritual Sacrifice (Dark) Royal Knight (Light) x2 Screw Hedgehog (Earth) Salvage (Magic) - zastitna folija je pocela da se odvaja na vise mesta,ona je upola cene Seal Of heritage (Magic) Show Show Insect (Earth) Silent Magic Master LV4 (Light) Silent Magic Master LV8 (Light) Skeleton Extraterrestrial (Wind) - blago izlomljena i pohabana,ona je 30% jeftinija Sky Eyes User (Dark) Slave Ape (Earth) Sleeping Swordfight Beast (Spell) x2 Snake God Befalls (Trap) Sorcerer Of Dark Magic (Dark) - pohabanih i ivica i coskova,ona je 30% jeftinija Spellbinding Circle (Trap) - ima blago pohabane coskove Spiral Dinosaur (Water) - blago izlomljeni coskovi Spirit Brain Evil (Light) Spirit Fiend (Dark) Star Dust Dragon (Wind) Strong Soldier Beiji Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Successful Viper XX03 (Light) Summon Of The Magnates Circle LV2 (Magic) x2 Superfusioned Monster Rapudinos (Light) Super Vehicle Huge Drill (Earth) Surpass The Boundary (Trap) Swing Of The Memory (Spell) Swordfight Beast Heavy-Duty Dipper (Earth) Swordfight Beast Weapon Arm Armour (Spell) - kapiram da je mispell i da treba Armor Swordfight Beast Weapon Dagger (Spell) Swordfight Beasts Weapon Halberd (Spell) Swordfight Shrakelue (Fire) The Chemical Reaction - H2O (Magic) x2 The Lucky Flutist (Wind) The Relieving Of The Layard (Light) Thunder In Dark World (Magic) x2 Toy Wizard (Light) Tribute To The Doomed (Magic) - malo pohabani coskovi Triple Death Of Frog (Water) UFO Warrior (Light) V-Jet Tiger (Light) Vacuum Weasel (Wind) Venom-Rattlesnake (Earth) VW-Ejection Tiger (Light) W-Eject Flying Wings (Light) Warrior God Gord Of The Dark Circle (Dark) Whirl Darts (Magic) Wind Of The Wing (Trap) Wing Dispersion (Magic) Worm Call (Spell) 7 Colored Fish (Water) - ima presijavajucu foliju napred + Ovo je odstampano i prelepljeno preko neke druge kartice (primecuje se),zato su ove upola cene: Arcana Force 0 - The Fool (Light) Arcana Force VII - The Chariot (Light) Arcana Force XVIII - The Moon (Light) Reversal Of Fate (Trap) ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

Specijalna ponuda - 69 razlicitih kartica Jugio (Yu Gi Oh!),bez duplikata. Izgled kartica: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game` (drugaciji od ostalih slicnih logoa).Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u jarko narandzastoj boji. Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se presijava (vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute je na engleskom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno i vrlo dobro),petina ima ili neostre (i malo pohabane) coskove ili je prelomljena ili im se folija naborala. Napomena 1: Na pitanja o karticama (koje se kartice dobijaju) ne mogu da odgovorim.Jer - ja cu izabrati kartice,posle kupovine (ne znam ih unapred).Ako zelite da ih vi birate,onda pogledajte moju drugu ponudu,gde je to moguce (naravno,za vise novca),ne u ovom nezavrsenom setu (lotu). A kartice koje cu izabrati ce biti nekoliko od sledecih (neke od ovih sa spiska): Absorbing Angel (Light) Amoh Destruction (Trap) Anti Absorbing Protecting Film (Trap) - u dve nijanse zelene (svetle i tamne) Aswan Ghostv (Dark) - u dve nijanse plave (svetle i tamne) Atom Flashing (Light) - u dve nijanse zelene (svetle i tamne) Attacker (Devil) Aztech Rock Statue (Devil) - u dve nijanse roze (svetle i tamne) Backfire (Trap) Beneficial Elephant Statue (Land) - u dve nijanse plave (svetle i tamne) Compulsory Evacuation Device (Plough) Dark Blade The Dragon Knight (Dark) Dark Green Diablo Archer (Land) - u dve nijanse ljubicaste (svetle i tamne) Death Counterwork (Trap) Death Scorpion (Dark) Desert Justice (Trap) - u dve nijanse ljubicaste (svetle i tamne) Desert Pulse (Land) Desert Ray (Trap) Double Monshal battle (Magic) Dragon Evil King (Dark) Dust Boundary (Devil) Earthquake (Devil) Elemental Burst (Trap) Enemy Controller (Devil) Evil Scorpion (Land) Factory Undergoing Mass Production Of Smuggled Goods (Devil) Fate Drum (Trap) Gate Magic Monster Gate (Devil) Giant Mouse (Land) Grave Keeper (Dark) Heavy Mech Support Platform (Dark) Hero Lad (Land) Human Mass Skill (Trap) Hunter (land) It`s A Huge Scorpion With Evil Soul (Light) Jade Lock Order (Trap) Justice Ray (Trap) Ketzatechi (Dark) Kindness Of Nile (Devil) Levia-Dragon-Daedalus Light Convoking (Trap) Light Seal Wall (Trap) Magic Dressing Room (Devil) Magic Power Of Soul Absorber (Devil) Magic Transforming Skill (Trap) Microwave Ray (Trap) Mysterious Chinese Pan (Devil) New Born Ball (Light) New Liquid Martel (Water) Nubia Guard (Fire) Outer Ion Radial (Devil) Pharaoh`s Evil (Dark) Pharaoh`s Justice (Trap) Pond Diablo (Water) Power Black Monster (Devil) Premature Burial (Devil) Rebel B Limitation Zone (Devil) Revival Soul (Trap) River`s Soul (Devil) Rocket Jumper (Land) Royal Guardian (Land) Sacred Territory Of God (Devil) Shock Action Order (Devil) Sonic Jammer (Wind) Special Hurricane (Devil) Summonend Skull (Dark) The Second Coffin (Devil) The Third Coffin (Devil) The Weak Out (Devil) Theft Monster (Devil) Thousand Energy (Devil) Three Hump Camel (Land) Triangle Power (Devil) Tornado Wall (Plough) Trojan Horse (Land) Two Thousand Thorn Hedge Pig (Land) Tuin Troll (Land) Unlucky Girl Venus,The Actor Of Creation (Light) Violent Evil Bull (Land) Water Jar Monster (Land) Wanghopu Forest (Dark) Weapon Exchange (Devil) White Horse Wizard Pickel (Light) Withdrawing Of Magic Power (Plough) 7 (Devil) Napomena 2: Slika,koja prikazuje prednji i zadnji deo kartice,je tu samo primera radi - da bi mogli da indetifikujete da li su to te koje trazite (da bi izbegli eventualnu zabunu).Sama ta prikazana kartica ili broj (niti drugi brojevi koji se vide) mozda nije u ponudi. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to! Godina je stavljena okvirno (ne znam je). Moze zamena za drugo.

Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku ne pise nista,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`.Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u nekoj braon-narandzastoj boji.Manje-vise je ista varijanta kao i ona sa braon-zutom pozadinom (sve je isto,samo je nijansa pozadine razlicita),mozda sam trebao da ih stavim u istu grupu (iovako ima previse tih razlicitih grupa). Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se presijava (vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute je napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno i vrlo dobro),skoro sve imaju blago neostre (i malo pohabane) coskove. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Ability Absorption Core (Trap) Advance Force (Spell) x2 Alien Brain (Trap) Altar Of The Sun (Spell) Andro Sphynx (Light) Armored Mantis (Light) Black Bulldrago (Fire) x3 Black Botan (Dark) Brotherhood Of The Fire Fist - Tiger King (Fire) Capture The Trap (Trap) x2 Crimson Designator (Trap) Crusader Of Endymion (Light) Cyber Twin Dragon (Light) Dark Structure (Light) Despair From The Dark (Dark) Devillian Song (Trap) Deadboy Wizard (Dark) Earthbound Immortal Uru (Dark) x2 Earthbound Immortal Wiraqocha Rasca (Dark) Element Hero LAVA Newborn Swordsman (Fire) Element Hero Sub Newborn Swordsman (Light) Rtreme Jade God Rainbow Dragon (Light) - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Extreme Flint Fighter (Light) x2 Flint Striking (Spell) x2 Fortune Future (Spell) Geargia-Gear (Trap) Cift Card (Trap) - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Gift Card Godalos (Water) x2 Gravity Ball (Dark) Ground Spider (Earth) x2 Gundari (Fire) Huge Saturn (Dark) Hunter Owl (Wind) Imperial Dragon In The Hell (Fire) - coskovi su joj malo pohabani,ona je 30% jeftinija Infernity Force (Trap) Insect Cage (Spell) Jade Beast Sapphire Horse (Wind) Koa`ki Meiru Rooklord (Earth) Legitimate Lineage (Trap) Long-Life Dragon (Wind) Machine Developer (Spell) Machine King - B.C. 3000 (Trap) Max Warrior (Wind) x2 Mermail Oceabyss (Water) - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Mermaid New Space Swordsman - Oceanic Dolphin (Water) Orge Of Bloody Tear (Trap) - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Ogre Pandaborg (Water) Quick Synchron (Wind) Reb Ant Azcatl (Earth) x2 Reptiless Spawn (Spell) Ritual Of Destruction (Spell) x2 Ritual Sacrifise (Earth) - varijanta 1,narandzasto-braon pozadina (slika,ATK/DEF leveli,kao i pozadina - sve se razlikuje od druge varijante) Ritual Sacrifise (Dark) - varijanta 2,narandzasto-zuta pozadina (slika,ATK/DEF leveli,kao i pozadina - sve se razlikuje od prve varijante) Saber Hole (Trap) Sacrifice Spider (Earth) x3 Scorching King Palon (Fire) Seal Of Crushing Evil (Trap) x4 Shretsudder (Earth) x3 Sinovenator (Earth) Soldier Extraterrestrial (Earth) Solitaire Magical (Light) Soul Defender (Dark) Spyder Spider (Earth) x2 Stardust Xiaolong (Light) Stone Statue Of Weeping God (Dark) Swift! Fierce Sword Fight (Trap) The Six Warmasters - Irou (Dark) Time Passage (Spell) x3 Titan Gogol (Earth) Toned Magician (Wind) Tornado Monster In The Desert (Wind) Transaction Of Magic (Trap) Treasure Of Harmony (Spell) Tricler (Earth) x2 Uforoid Fighter (Light) Unicler (Earth) x2 Volcanic Mouse (Fire) XYZ Revenge (Spell) ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem neki japanski hijeroglifi. Napred: Ima neku zastitnu foliju,ali se ne presijava (nema onog efekta da se vide `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute je napisan na engleskom.U donjem desnom cosku pise `2005-2006 Treasure Edition`. Opste stanje: Losije,kartice su vidno koristene: neke izlomljene,neke malo talasaste,neostri i pohabani coskovi,ujedno pocele i malo da se razdvajaju na coskovima (par mm),itd. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Armor Dragon With Pistols (Dark) Clock Magician (Light) Magic Absorbing Ball (Water) Magically Equipped Machine Vehicle Tuyi (Dark) Research Findings Of Gezarher (Trap) Reversing Fire Eidolon (Fire) - bas izlomljena Yellow Mechanism (Earth) ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game`.Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u nekoj zuckastoj boji (neka nijansa zuto-braon recimo). Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se presijava (vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute napisan i na engleskom i onim japanskim hijeroglifom.U donjem levom cosku imaju kvadratic,koji je crno-bele boje.Ispod slike,sa desne strane,su neki boldovani brojevi (od 01 do 600 i nesto),na svakoj kartici razlicit broj stoji (kao da je njen redni broj u tom setu,ne znam). Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno),osim ako je pored naznaceno drugacije. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Abare Ushioni (Earth) - gornji levi i donji desni cosak su joj blago prelomljeni i nema onu presijavajucu foliju Ancient Brain (Dark) Armored Dragon LV5 (Wind) Black Beetle Ball (Earth) Brain Jacker (Dark) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Card Of Sanctity (Magic) Card Penalty (Magic) Catnipped Kitty (Earth) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani,prelomljena je vertikalno na polovini i fali joj 1 mm donjeg desnog coska,ona je upola cene Cleft Axe (Trap) Cross Counter (Trap) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani i nema onu presijavajucu foliju Cyber Gymnastics (Earth) x2 (jednoj od njih je na gornjoj ivici neko napravio tacku hemijskom olovkom) D.D. Dynamite (Trap) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani D-Hero Doled Guy (Dark) D-Time (Trap) Dark Mimic LV1 (Dark) Destiny Destroy (Trap) Destiny Signal (Dark) Devil Chilopod (Earth) x2 Disc Musci (Light) E-Emergency Call (Magic) E-Hero Negroid Shaman (Dark) E-Hero Sailor Man (Water) Enhancing Malice (Dark) Feather Shot (Magic) Flash Chaser (Light) Fury Lobster (Water) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Gate Guardian (Dark) Gigantes (Earth) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Giant Orc (Dark) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Green Declarer (Light) Ground Attacker Bugroth (Earth) Hade Hane (Earth) Hard Struggle (Earth) Hayabusa Knight (Earth) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Hyena (Earth) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Kuriboh (Dark) Lightning Gear - Cherry Fire (Light) LV2 Mechanic Hunter (Earth) Mammoth Graveyard (Earth) x2 Masked Dragon (Fire) - ivice i coskovi su joj pohabani,a donji levi cosak i prelomlljen,ona je upola cene Memory Destroyer (Dark) Micro Cosmos (Trap) Mind Crush (Trap) - nedostaje jo ona zastitna folija,ivice i coskovi su joj pohabani,ona je upola cene Morinphen (Dark) x2 Mystic Swordsman LV4 (Earth) Oja Magic (Magic) Princess Of Magic Country - Kulan (Dark) R-Right Justice (Magic) Rainbow Flower (Earth) Roulete Barrel (Light) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Seal Of Inheritance (Magic) Sfinksen Herlark (Earth) Shapesnatch (Dark) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani,uz levu ivicu je folija pocela da se nabore,plus je pozadi pohabana na vise mesta po nekoliko mm,ona je 30% jeftinija Silent Bug (Earth) Spiral Spear Strike (Magic) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani i gornji levi cosak joj je blago prelomljen Swamp Battleguard (Earth) Test Of The Princess (Magic) x2 Threatening Roar (Trap) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani Triple Death Of Frog (Water) Warrior in The Abyss (Water) Warrior Reloading-Shengqing (Dark) - coskovi su joj blago pohabani X-Head Cannon (Light) Z-Metal Tank (Light) x2 (jedna od njih je pohabanih coskova i ivica,malo izlomljena,ona je pola cene) ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

NEOTPAKOVANI 2CD DJ Antaro ‎– Global Psychedelic Trance - Compilation Vol. 8 Label: Spirit Zone Recordings ‎– SPIRIT ZONE 119 Series: Global Psychedelic Trance – Compilation Vol. 8 Format: 2 × CD, Compilation Country: Germany Released: 14 Jun 2002 Genre: Electronic Style: Psy-Trance, Progressive Trance, Ambient Global Psychedelic Trance - Compilation Vol. 8 (CD, Compilation) for sale More Images Tracklist Position Artists Title/Credits Duration Dance 1-1 –Double Dragon Cabin Fever Written-By, Producer – Steve Good (2) 8:17 1-2 –Talamasca Sage Incense Written-By, Producer – DJ Lestat 7:15 1-3 –GMS At The End Of A Rainbow Written-By [Uncredited], Producer [Uncredited] – Ari Linker Written-By, Producer – Bansi, Riktam 6:44 1-4 –Spirallianz A Fugitive Written-By, Producer – Arne Schaffhausen, Wayan Raabe 6:44 1-5 –Electric Universe Embrace It Written-By, Producer – Boris Blenn 7:53 1-6 –Space Tribe Kikkin` Up Some Dust (Remix) Written-By, Producer – Olli Wisdom 6:48 1-7 –Bamboo Forest Friends Written-By, Producer – Stephane Dureisseix, Yann Henaff 8:18 1-8 –Noosphere Captain Proton Written-By, Producer – Eberhard Schulz, Niels Paschen 7:29 Ambient 2-1 –Dual System 2 Suns Written-By, Producer – Ketama, Mc Coy* 6:52 2-2 –Grey Area Slowly Written-By, Producer – Alex Salter 6:56 2-3 –Kick Bong Chill`s Written-By, Producer – Franck Jousselin 7:00 2-4 –Alien Mutation The Sacred Vibe Written-By, Producer – Alien Mutation 6:29 2-5 –Jo Yummi Effektküche Written-By, Producer – Joachim Heizmann 5:24 2-6 –Bloatsucher Trip To The Bottom Written-By, Producer – Martin Stääf 7:08 2-7 –Ooze (2) Meeting With Strange Species Written-By, Producer – Sebastian Mullaert 12:55 2-8 –Jens Buchert Down Again Written-By, Producer – Jens Buchert 5:09 Companies, etc. Distributed By – EFA – EFA 52119-2 Mastered At – Spirit Zone Studio Phonographic Copyright (p) – Spirit Zone Records Copyright (c) – Spirit Zone Records Credits Artwork [Cover Artwork] – Martin E* Compiled By – DJ Antaro Mastered By – Eargear Notes Mastered @ Spirit Zone Studio. CDs come in a four-panel Digipak. Tracks 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.7 to 2.3 & 2.6: Copyright Control. Track 1.3: written + produced @ Tri Ball Studio, Ibiza / Spain, Copyright Control. Tracks 1.4 & 1.6: published by Edition Pink Penguin @ Hanseatic Warner Chapell. Track 2.4: published by Scratch Music. Track 2.5: recorded @ Lanhydrock Studio, Hamburg Published Lanhydrock Medienverlag. Track 2.7: published by MPDQX Label Group. Track 2.8: published by ICM Hanseatic. ℗ + © 2002 Spirit Zone Records Made in The European Community Barcode and Other Identifiers Barcode: 7 18755 21192 2

Kartice Jugio (Yu-Gi-Oh!). Cena je za 1 karticu sa spiska dole. Zajednicki opis za ovu gomilu: Nazad: U gornjem levom cosku pise Konami,a u donjem `Yu Gu Oh! Trading Card Game` (drugaciji od ostalih slicnih logoa).Ivice (i da kazem cela pozadina) su u jarko narandzastoj boji. Napred: Ima zastitnu foliju,koja se presijava (vide se `zvezde`,kad se pod odredjenim uglom stavi ka svetlu).Attribute je na engleskom. Opste stanje: OK,kartice su uglavnom lepo ocuvane (odlicno),osim ako je pored drugacije naznaceno. U ponudi su kartice (ime i u zagradi attribute): Absorbing Angel (Light) x7 A Legendary Ocean (Magic) Amoh Destruction (Trap) x2 Anti Absorbing Protecting Film (Trap) x7 - u dve nijanse zelene (svetle i tamne) Aswan Ghostv (Dark) x6 - u dve nijanse plave (svetle i tamne),kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba da bude Ghosty (ili samo Ghost) Atom Flashing (Light) x3 - u dve nijanse zelene (svetle i tamne) Attacker (Devil) Aztech Rock Statue (Devil) x6 - u dve nijanse roze (svetle i tamne) Backfire (Trap) x8 Beneficial Elephant Statue (Land) x5 - u dve nijanse plave (svetle i tamne) Compulsory Evacuation Device (Plough) Dark Blade The Dragon Knight (Dark) x4 Dark Green Diablo Archer (Land) x7 - u dve nijanse ljubicaste (svetle i tamne) Death Counterwork (Trap) x5 Death Scorpion (Dark) x4 Desert Justice (Trap) x8 - u dve nijanse ljubicaste (svetle i tamne) Desert Pulse (Land) x5 Desert Ray (Trap) x7 Double Monshal Battle (Magic) Dragon Evil King (Dark) Dust Boundary (Devil) x8 Earthquake (Devil) x2 Elemental Burst (Trap) x3 Enemy Controller (Devil) x6 - dve od njih imaju pohabane coskove,one su 30% jeftinija Evil Scorpion (Land) x5 Factory Undergoing Mass Production Of Smuggled Goods (Devil) x5 Fate Drum (Trap) x5 Gate Magic Monster Gate (Devil) x4 Giant Mouse (Land) Grave Keeper (Dark) x3 Heavy Mech Support Platform (Dark) x2 Hero Lad (Land) Human Mass Skill (Trap) x2 Hunter (land) x4 It`s A Huge Scorpion With Evil Soul (Light) x2 Jade Lock Order (Trap) x3 Justice Ray (Trap) x3 Ketzatechi (Dark) x4 Kindness Of Nile (Devil) x3 Levia-Dragon-Daedalus Light Convoking (Trap) x5 Light Seal Wall (Trap) x4 Magic Dressing Room (Devil) x6 Magic Power Of Soul Absorber (Devil) x5 Magic Transforming Skill (Trap) x4 Microwave Ray (Trap) x5 Mysterious Chinese Pan (Devil) x2 New Born Ball (Light) x3 - ima drugaciji font od ostatka grupe New Liquid Martel (Water) x5 Nubia Guard (Fire) x3 Outer Ion Radial (Devil) Pharaoh`s Evil (Dark) x6 Pharaoh`s Justice (Trap) x2 Pond Diablo (Water) x2 Power Black Monster (Devil) x5 Premature Burial (Devil) Rebel B Limitation Zone (Devil) x2 Revival Soul (Trap) x2 River`s Soul (Devil) x3 Rocket Jumper (Land) x4 Royal Guardian (Land) x8 - jednoj od njih se folija malo naborala,ona je upola cene Sacred Territory Of God (Devil) x8 Shock Action Order (Devil) x5 Sonic Jammer (Wind) Special Hurricane (Devil) x4 Summonend Skull (Dark) x4 - kapiram da je ovo misspell i da treba Summoned The Second Coffin (Devil) x3 The Third Coffin (Devil) x2 The Weak Out (Devil) x5 Theft Monster (Devil) x5 Thousand Energy (Devil) x8 Three Hump Camel (Land) x5 Tornado Wall (Plough) Triangle Power (Devil) x9 - jednoj od njih su se folije naborale,ona je upola cene Trojan Horse (Land) x3 Two Thousand Thorn Hedge Pig (Land) x5 Tuin Troll (Land) x4 Unlucky Girl Venus,The Actor Of Creation (Light) x3 Violent Evil Bull (Land) Wanghopu Forest (Dark) x6 Water Jar Monster (Land) x3 Weapon Exchange (Devil) x4 White Horse Wizard Pickel (Light) Withdrawing Of Magic Power (Plough) 7 (Devil) x4 ***** Slikana je cela gomila (grupa),a takodje i jedna kartica (tj. njeno lice i nalicje),karakteristicna/prosecna za celu ovu gomilu primera radi (mozda je ta vec prodata,proverite spisak),da bi mogli da uporedite da li je to to izdanje koje vam treba (posto izgleda postoji vise razlicitih izdanja;zato i imam vise ovakvih grupa/gomila,pogledajte moje ostale ponude ovih kartica).Otprilike,kako ona izgleda,tako i vecina drugih kartica iz ove grupe izgleda (sto se tice ocuvanosti i izgleda - gde je sta i kako napisano). Naslov ponude je formiran da kazem na osnovu pozadine kartice,da bi mogli koliko-toliko da se orijentisete medju svima njima (ima oko 25 razlicitih grupa kartica). Ono sto sam primetio da malo vise odstupa od zajednickog opisa,to sam i naveo posle naziva te kartice.Imam preko 1000 (ako ne i par hiljada) razlicitih kartica,nemojte mi zameriti ako sam slucajno preskocio u opisu neku crticu ili tackicu (manu),ne mogu sve da vidim,moguce su neke omaske (nenamerne).Mozda sam i ja napravio neku typing mistake u imenu,raspao sam se od kucanja (vec danima em sortiram em prekucavam imena ovih kartica),ne zamerite. Ako posle naziva kartice pise npr. `x2` (ili x3,x4,x5...) to znaci da imam dva,tri,cetiri... takva ista primerka,u slucaju da vam treba vise istih kartica. Takodje,ne razumem se u to sta je original,a sta nije (ni iz kog deka su kartice).Jedino mogu da opisem ono sto vidim (kako izgleda kartica) i to je to.Pa mozete iskoristiti to moje neznanje (tj. ovakvu povoljnu ponudu) ako mislite da je ovo original. U svakom slucaju,ovo dobro dodje za zabavu/igru sa prijateljima.Ne morate da kupujete neke kartice koje su po par stotina dinara,kad su ovde MNOGO jeftinije. Iskoristite to!

Pokemon Super Collection Series Books 1-15 Box Set Ash's Big Challenge Pokémon master-in-training Ash Ketchum is delighted when Professor Oak sends him on a very important mission - to capture a unique and mysterious Poké Ball. Ash, Brock and Misty begin their journey to the famed Orange Islands and meet a host of new friends - and old enemies... Pokémon Peril Ash and Misty have found the GS Poké Ball and finally reached the Orange Islands. But they quickly discover that things are very different here - Pokémon are turning pink, and there is an Onix made of crystal. Can Ash, Misty and their new friend Tracey work out what is going on, before Team Rocket sabotage their journey? The Orange League Since arriving on the Orange Islands, Ash has won every single one of his battles! But is he up to the Four-Star Challenge? Ash must tackle totally new ground - and learn some valuable lessons about himself - before he can win all four star gems, and earn himself a place on the legendary Orange League. Scyther vs Charizard Scyther and Charizard are two of the most powerful Pokémon Ash has ever encountered. But this makes them hot-headed and very difficult to control. When the two Pokémon face each other in battle, it's chaos! Can Ash discover the secret to connecting to wayward Charizard, and pull off the most epic battle so far? Race to Danger Pokémon master-in-training Ash Ketchum is facing a brand-new challenge - a hot air balloon battle! Ash and his friends must race the other Pokémon trainers to catch a rare Dratini, before Team Rocket shoots them down! Can Ash get everyone back down safely - and still get his hands on first prize? Show Time! A juggling Exeggutor, a singing Charmander and a dancing Farfetch'd can only mean one thing - it's time for the Pokémon Talent Show! Pokémon master-in-training Ash is determined to win. But when his enemies Team Rocket lure away his Pikachu, it's up to him to save all the Pokémon - and steal the show! Power Up Psyduck Psyduck's powers can blow Team Rocket out of the water, but it isn't the easiest Pokémon to look after... Join the Pokémon-masters-in-training as they learn all about Psyduck's unique history, from when he first met Misty to his latest challenge - a battle like no other. The Winner's Cup It's time! With all four star gems under his belt, Pokémon master-in-training Ash Ketchum is now ready for the biggest battle of his life - the Winner's Cup. Can Ash and Pikachu overcome the mighty Dragonite to win the ultimate Pokémon challenge? The Pokémon School It's time for Ash to take the next step on his quest to become a Pokémon Master. He's off to Pokémon School! His first goal? To catch an Alolan Pokémon. With new friends to make and new skills to learn, Ash is about to embark on his biggest adventure yet. Alolan Challenge It's Island Challenge time on Alola! Ash is determined to pass the test and earn his Z-Crystal. But this is no ordinary Pokemon battle. Can Ash prove his worth against the mighty Kahuna Hala to win the ultimate prize? The challenge is on! Adventure on Treasure Island Ash and Pikachu are visiting one of the tropical islands in Alola. There they discover all sorts of new and interesting Pokémon but they can be a bit difficult! Can Ash and Pikachu rescue a mysterious Water-type Pokémon and persuade a mischievous new Pokémon to join their team? Old Friends, New Battles Ash and his friends from the Poke,on School are visiting his home region of Kanto. They're ready for lots of adventures! When they visit the Cerulean City Gym, Ash and Pikachu take on his old friend Misty and her Gyarados - who will win the mighty battle? Pokemon Unknown Ash and Pikachu are on their way to school when Tapu Koko, the Guardian of Melemele Island, makes an appearance. Tapu Koko puts Ash and his friends in charge of a mysterious new Pokémon just as strange things start to happen. Could this unknown Pokémon have anything to do with it? The Chikorita Challenge When Ash and Pikachu befriend a new Grass-type Pokemo,, they can't wait to welcome it to the team. But tricksters team Rocket are hatching a plan to lure the Chikotita away, stealing it for themsleves. Will Ash work out what's happened and save the pokemon in time? Colouring Fun Get creative with tons of Pokemon characters, Landscapes and patterns for you to colour and make your own. Gotta colour 'em all! Prikaži više

Spoljašnjost kao na fotografijama, unutrašnjost u dobrom i urednom stanju! Oštra janpanska manga stil umetnosti skače sa stranica ove dinamične knjige za crtanje korak po korak napisane i ilustrovane kao super obožavatelj mange, tinejdžerka Kejti Kup. Šesnaestogodišnja autorka i ilustratorka Kejti Kup pretvorila je svoju ljubav prema japanskoj strip umetnosti u super-kul, korak po korak proces za decu. Laka za praćenje sa svojim prevelikim formatom i pristupačnim tekstom i slikama, ova knjiga sa uputstvima za crtanje naći će publiku među ljubiteljima animea, mange i svih crtača stripova. Uključuje poglavlja o početku rada, licima, izrazima, telima, završnim detaljima i materijalima. Manga (jap. 漫画 ili まんが)¹ je japanska reč za strip. Izvan Japana, uglavnom se koristi kao naziv za japanske stripove. Od 2006. godine, mange su postale tržište koje obrće milijarde dolara. Manga se razvila od mešavine japanskog umetničkog pravca zvanog ukijo-e i stranih stilova crtanja, a osnovne karakteristike današnjeg izgleda nastale su ubrzo po završetku II svetskog rata. Uglavnom su crno-bele, sa izuzetkom korica i prvih nekoliko stranica, a retke su one kod kojih su sve strane u boji. Najpopularnije mange često doživljavaju adaptaciju u vidu anime čim se za to pojavi interes na tržištu. Mange se među manje upućenima često nazivaju animama, i obrnuto. Adaptirane priče se retko modifikuju na način kojim će imati veću prođu na mejnstrim tržištu. Iako to nije uobičajeno, ponekad se po originalnim animama prave mange, kao što su recimo Gundam (Gandem), Neon Genesis Evangelion (Neon Dženezis Evangelion), Cowboy Bebop (Kauboj Bibop), Dragon Ball Super (Zmajeva Kugla Super) i Tenchi Muyo (Tenči Mujo). Uobičajeno je da originalne mange i anime pored japanskog naziva sadrže i englesku verziju naslova ili da imaju engleski naziv transkribovan na japanski. Manga u bukvalnom prevodu znači `slučajne (ili ćudljive) slike)`. Reč je ušla u običajenu upotrebu krajem XVIII veka sa izdanjima poput radova Suzuki Kankeijevog Mankaku zuihitsu (Mankaku Zuhicu, 1771) i Santo Kjodenove slikovnice Shiji no yukikai (Šidži no jukikaji, 1798). Početkom XIX veka to su Aikava Minvin Manga hyakujo (Manga Hjakudžo, 1814) i slavna Hokusai manga u kojoj su se nalazili izabrani crteži poznatog ukijo-e umetnika Hokusaija. Međutim, giga (doslovno `smešne slike`), naročito chōjū jinbutsu giga (鳥獣人物戯画 — doslovno `smešne slike ljudi i životinja`) crtanih u XII veku od strane različitih umetnika, sadrže dosta karakteristika mange, kao što su važnost priče i umetnički uprošćene linije. Manga se razvila iz mešavine ukijo-e stila i stranih artističkih pokreta. Kada su Sjedinjene države započele trgovinu sa Japanom, Japan je ušao u period ubrzane modernizacije i globalizacije, tako da su doveli inostrane umetnike da poduče japanske studente stvarima kao što su linija, forma i boja, na koje se u ukijo-e pravcu nije toliko obraćala pažnja jer je ideja koja se krije iza slike bila mnogo važnija od nje same. Manga je u ovom periodu bila nazivana ponči-e (Punch-picture) i poput svog britanskog dvojnika, magazina Punch (Panč), sastojala se od humorističkih i politički satiričnih slika, malog formata od jedne ili četiri slike. Slike kupača iz Hokusai mange. Između kraja Meidži perioda i početka II svetskog rata, najpoznatije mange uključivale su radove Rakuten Kitazave i Ipei Okamotoa. Rakuten Kitazava bio je učenik Frenka A. Nankivela, australijskog umetnika. Sarađivao je sa Džidži Šimpoom sa kojim ga je upoznao Jukiči Fukuzava. Nakon toga, Rakuten je objavio poznate komične stripove kao što su Tagosakuov i Mokubin izlet u Tokio (田吾作と杢兵衛の東京見物, Tagosaku to Mokubē no Tōkyō-Kenbutsu) i Neuspesi Kidoro Haikare (灰殻木戸郎の失敗, Haikara Kidorō no Sippai), oba iz 1902. godine. Ipei Okamoto je osnivač prve asocijacije crtača u Japanu — Nippon Mangakai. Njegovi manga manbun radovi, kao što je Život čoveka (人の一生, Hito no Isshō) iz 1921. godine, bile su uzor za fantastične mange koje su se kasnije pojavile. Osamu Tezuka, začetnik moderne mange Manga kakvu ljudi poznaju u XX i XXI veku nastala je kada je Dr Osamu Tezuka, naširoko poznat kao otac mange zasnovane na priči, postao popularan. Godine 1945, Tezuka koji je studirao medicinu, video je ratni propagandni animirani film Momotarou Uminokaihei na čiji je stil vidno uticala Disneyjeva (Volt Dizni) Fantazija. Tezuku je ovaj film veoma inspirisao, tako da je odlučio da postane strip crtač, što je u to vreme (pa čak i danas) bila nezamisliva stvar za jednog doktora medicine. Kasnije je komentarisao da je razlog zbog koga je upisao medicinu jednim delom bio taj kako bi izbegao vojnu obavezu i da zapravo nije voleo da vidi krv. Tezuka je uveo filmsko pripovedanje i likove čije je pojavljivanje u kraćim epizodama stripa deo veće pripovedačke celine. Jedini tekst u Tezukinim stripovima su dijalozi između likova, što je stripovima dalo kvalitet filma. Uveo je i diznijevske facijalne ekspresije kod kojih su oči, usta, obrve i nos likova povremeno previše izraženi, što ih je činilo veoma upečatljivim, a njegov rad veoma popularnim. Ovo je donekle oživelo staru ukijo-e tradiciju u kojoj je slika pre proizvod ideje nego stvarne fizičke realnosti. Njegovi stripovi su prvobitno objavljivani u dečijim magazinima, ali su ubrzo prerasli u zasebna nedeljna i mesečna strip izdanja. Tezuka je u svojim stripovima obradio skoro sve filmske žanrove svog vremena. Njegove mange idu od akcione avanture (Kimba − Beli lav, ili Leo kralj džungle) do ozbiljne drame (Crni Džek) te naučne fantastike (Moćni Atom, poznatiji kao Astro Boy (Astro Boj), horora (Dororo, čovek sa tri oka). Iako je na zapadu uglavnom poznat kao tvorac Astro Boja, mnoge od njegovih mangi poseduju veoma ozbiljnu radnju, a ponekad i mračne tonove. Recimo, Atoma (Astro Boya) je stvorio ožalošćeni naučnik koji je želeo da napravi imitaciju svog preminulog sina, da bi kasnije napustio dečaka; Kimbinog oca su ubili lovci, a sukob između čoveka i prirode je glavna tema stripa; Hijakimaru u Dodorou je rođen delimično obogaljen jer je je njegov otac ponudio četrdeset osam dela Dodoroovog tela četrdeset osmorici demona dok je ovaj bio beba. Neki ipak kritikuju preteranu upotrebu dramatizacije u njegovim pričama. Kako je manga generacija dece odrastala, tako je raslo i tržište mangi koja je ubrzo postala jedan od glavnih kulturnih uticaja Japana. Tezuka je radio i na društvenom prihvatanju mange. Njegova doktorska diploma i ozbiljne priče bile su korisne za odbijanje kritika po kojima su mange vulgarne i nepodobne za decu. Bio je mentor velikom broju važnih strip crtača, kao što su Fudžiko Fudžio (tvorac Doramona), Fudžio Akacuka i Šotaro Išinomori. Gekiga Još jedan važan pravac u mangi bio je gekiga (`dramatične slike`). Između 1960-ih i 1970-ih postojale su dve strip struje. Prva, u obliku mange, bila je bazirana na prodaji antologijskih magazina koji su sadržavali desetine naslova. Druga, gekiga, bila je bazirana na obliku iznajmljivanja kompletne `knjige` sa samo jednim naslovom. Mange su se pojavljivale u nedeljnim i dvonedeljnim publikacijama, tako da je produkcija bila brza, sa poštovanjem rokova. Vremenom je većina manga autora prihvatila Tezukin stil crtanja, gde su likovi crtani jednostavno, ali sa prenaglašenim izrazima lica, sa karakterističnim ogromnim okruglim očima, što je u inostranstvu postalo asocijacija za japanski strip. Kontrast je bila gekiga, koja je imala kompleksniju i zreliju radnju i veću posvećenost pri izradi svake stranice. Zbog ovoga je smatrano da gekiga ima mnogo veću umetničku vrednost. Međutim, gekigin model iznajmljivanja knjiga ugasio se `70-ih godina, dok su crtači mange značajno poboljšali svoj kvalitet. Konačno, gekiga se pripojila mangi i danas se pod ovim imenom misli na mangu koja nema komični crtež. Verovatno najpoznatija manga gekiga stila je Akira. Međutim, gekiga nije uticala na samo na vizualni stil mange: nakon `70-ih, pojavile su se mange koje su imale slike i dijaloge namenjene starijoj publici. Mnoge su imale značajan broj slika sa scenama seksa i nasilja, a bile su namenjene tinejdžerima: za razliku od Tezukinog vremena deca su sada imala mnogo veći džeparac, tako da su mogli sami da kupe mangu, umesto da traže od roditelja da im je kupe. Zbog toga izdavači mange nisu morali da prilagođavaju svoje stripove mišljenju roditelja. Povrh svega, dominacija nedeljnih serijala dovela je do toga da mange značajno postanu `petparačke priče`, sa velikom količinom nasilja i golotinje (prevashodno, iako ne samo, namenjene dečacima). Reprezentativni naslovi ovog žanra bili su Harenchi Gakuen (Harenči Gakuen), Goa Nagaija i Makoto-chan (Makoto Čan) Kazua Umezua, oba sa obiljem krvi, golotinje i vulgarnih šala. Slično kao i u Sjedinjenim Državama tokom `Strip panike` `40-ih i `50-ih, nastavnici i roditelji žalili su se na sadržaj mangi, ali za razliku od SAD-a nije bilo pokušaja da se osnuje kontrolni odbor poput Comics Code Authorityja (Komiks koud autoriti). Interesantno je da su manga časopisi `za decu` `70-ih imali mnogo više vulgarnih tema (zahvaljujući tome što je u to vreme to bio jedini dostupni štampani format), ali `80-ih i `90-ih, su se pojavili novi časopisi namenjeni tinejdžerima. Kulturološki uticaj U Japanu je prodaja stripova mnogo veća nego bilo gde u svetu. Nekoliko glavnih manga časopisa koje sadrže desetak epizoda različitih autora, nedeljno prodaju po nekoliko miliona kopija. Manga je podjednako cenjena i kao umetnička forma, i kao popularna literatura, mada još uvek nije dostigla prihvatanje poput onog kakvo imaju muzika ili film. Međutim, opšte odobravanje Hajao Mijazakijevih anima i nekih manga, značajno menja pogled na animu i mangu, približavajući ih statusu `viših umetnosti`. Najveću zaradu u istoriji japanske kinematografije, od 30,4 milijardi jena, ostvario je Mijazakijev Začarani grad (千と千尋の神隠し Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi).[2] U Americi su mnoge mange kritikovane da su nasilne ili sa mnogo seksa. Na primer, filmske adaptacije mangi poput Ubice Ičija ili Starog momka su u Sjedinjenim Državama zabranjene za mlađe od 18 godina. Međutim, nije bilo zvaničnih pokušaja da se donesu zakoni o tome šta sme, a šta ne sme biti prikazano u mangi, osim nejasnih zakona o pristojnosti koji kažu da `preterano skaradni materijal ne sme da se prodaje`. Ova sloboda omogućila je autorima da prave mange za svaku starosnu grupu, sa ogromnim brojem različitih tema. Manga stil Popularni prepoznatljivi stil mange je veoma karakterističan. Važnost je obično stavljena na liniju umesto na formu, a pripovedanje i raspored panela razlikuje se od američkog i evropskog stripa. Paneli i table se po pravilu čitaju s desna na levo, u skladu sa japanskim pravopisom. Međutim, neki inostrani izdavači menjaju smer čitanja s leva na desno, tako što stranice štampaju `kao u ogledalu`. Mnogi čitaoci, pa čak i sami autori, kritikuju ovakav način izdavaštva tvrdeći da se time menjaju njihove originalne namere. Recimo, dešnjaci postaju levoruki, natpisi postaju nečitljivi itd. Impresionističke pozadine su uobičajene, kao i scene u kojima su umesto likova prikazani delovi eksterijera. Dok crtež može biti neverovatno realan ili komičan, primetno je da likovi imaju velike oči (ženski likovi uglavnom imaju veće oči od muških), male noseve, sićušna usta i ravna lica. Velike oči su postale sastavni deo mange i anime od 1960. kada je Osamu Tezuka (vidi gore) počeo da ih crta na taj način, kopirajući stil Disneyjevih crtanih filmova. Balončići za dijaloge: Postoji nekoliko vrsta balončića, od kojih su neki jedinstveni. Ivice balončića menjaju se u zavisnosti od raspoloženja onoga ko ih izgovara. Na primer, kada je neko besan, njegov balončić ima oštre, eksplozivne ivice. Takođe, manga obično ne prati zapadnjački način stripskog govora — balončići nemaju dugačke jezičke uperene u onoga ko izgovara tekst, kao ni više malih balončića koji izlaze iz većeg kada neko razmišlja. Ovakva vrsta balončića upotrebljava se kada neko šapuće, što može da zbuni inostrane čitaoce. Brze linije: U akcionim scenama, pozadina će obično biti pokrivena preciznim linijama koje se kreću u tačno određenom pravcu i dočaravaju pokret. Ove linije mogu se primeniti i na likove, kako bi prikazale pokrete njihovih tela (pre svega udova). Ovaj stil, naročito u pozadini, pojavljuje se u većini akcionih mangi. Mini flešbekovi: Mnogi crtači uzimaju kopije segmenata iz ranijih poglavlja i ubacuju ih u priču u vidu flešbeka (obično su malo retuširani tamnijim tonovima kako bi se razlikovali od centralne radnje). Ovo se smatra konvencionalnom metodom za podsećanje na glavne događaje u stripu. Scene u kojima junaku prolaze kroz misli događaji iz njegovog života, često su prikazane na dve strane, sa pozadinom koja se u celosti sastoji od segmenata iz ranijih poglavlja. Apstraktni pozadinski efekti: Ovo uključuje grafičko senčenje u pozadini i služi da uputi ili naglasi na vrstu zapleta. Takođe može da služi da opiše psihičko stanje lika. Simboli: Određeni vizuelni simboli razvili su se tokom godina i postali uobičajeni način naglašavanja emocija, fizičkog stanja ili raspoloženja. Sledi kratak pregled osnovnih manga simbola i njihove upotrebe: Preuveličana kapljica znoja na glavi, obično ukazuje na zbunjenost, nervozu i nesigurnost. Velika, okrugla oteklina, ponekad i veličine bejzbol lopte, je preuveličavanje oteklina koje nastaju nakon povrede. Kada nekome naglašeno curi krv iz nosa, znači da je seksualno uzbuđen. Nabubrele vene, obično prikazane na čelu, naglašavaju da je lik besan ili iznerviran. Obrazi osenčeni malim paralelnim crticama, upućuju na to da je nekome neprijatno ili da ga je sramota. Manga format Manga časopisi obično sadrže po nekoliko serijala koji uporedo izlaze u jednom izdanju, na 20−40 stranica po broju. Ovi manga časopisi, ili `antologijski časopisi, (neformalno i `telefonski imenici`), obično se štampaju na novinskom papiru lošijeg kvaliteta i najčešće imaju između 200 i 850 stranica. Manga časopisi sadrže i stripove koji se ne nastavljaju već predstavljaju kompletnu epizodu, kao i različite četvoropanelne jonkome (strip kajševi). Ukoliko su uspešni, pojedini serijali mogu da izlaze i po nekoliko godina. Autori mange ponekad započinju karijeru tako što objave kratku, kompletnu epizodu kako bi pokušali da skrenu pažnju na sebe. Ukoliko strip naiđe na dobre kritike, nastavljaju sa radom. Posle nekog vremena izlaženja serijala, nastavci se obično spajaju i štampaju u obliku knjiga, takozvanih tankōbona. U američkom strip izdavaštvu, ekvivalent ovome su trade paperback (trejd pejperbek) izdanja, a kod nas bi se, uslovno rečeno, smatrali strip-albumima. Ova izdanja štampana su na papiru većeg kvaliteta i služe da bi novi čitaoci mogli da se `priključe` serijalima u časopisima ili ih kupuju kolekcionari. U novije vreme, štampaju se i luksuzna izdanja namenjena isključivo kolekcionarima, takozvane `deluxe` verzije. Reprinti starih mangi štampaju se na papiru lošijeg kvaliteta i prodaju po ceni od 100 jena (približno 1$). Manga je prvenstveno klasifikovna po godištu i polu ciljne grupacije. U praksi, knjige i časopisi za dečake (shōnen) i devojčice (shōjo) imaju različiti stil naslovnica i u većini knjižara stoje na odvojenim policama. U Japanu postoje i manga kafei, poznati kao manga kisaten. U manga kisatenima, mušterije piju kafu i čitaju mangu. Tipovi mange Sa ogromnim tržištem u Japanu, manga obuhvata široko polje različitih tema koje zadovoljavaju različite interese čitalaca. Popularna manga namenjema mejnstrim čitalaštvu obično uključuje SF, akciju, fentasi i komediju. Neki od najpopularnijih serijala zasnovane su na korporativnom biznismenu (Shima Kousaku), rođaku iz Kine (Iron Wok Jan), kriminalističkom trileru (Monster) i vojnoj politici (The Silent Service). Kao rezultat, mnogi žanrovi se dobro uklapaju i u anime (koje često uključuju adaptaciju mangi) i japanskih video igara (od kojih su neke takođe adaptacije mangi). Vrste Prema polu i godištu mange se dele na: Josei (ili redikomi) žena Kodomo deca Seinen muškarci Shōjo devojčice i tinejdžerke Shōnen dečaci i tinejdžeri Žanrovi Alternativa Gekiga — realistična manga La nouvelle manga — Francusko-belgijsko/japanski umetnički pokret Polu-alternativa — popularna izdanja osobenog stila Ratni drug — neoficijalan naziv Dōjinshi — fan-art ili samizdat Mahō shōjo — magična devojka Robot/Mecha — gigantski roboti Moé, takođe i mahō kanojo — magična devojka Shōjo-ai ili yuri — lezbejska manga Shōnen-ai ili yaoi — gej manga Hentai — porno manga ....

Kao na slikama Lepo očuvano Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other raw materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. The place where such wares are made by a potter is also called a pottery (plural potteries). The definition of pottery, used by the ASTM International, is `all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products`.[1] End applications include tableware, decorative ware, sanitaryware, and in technology and industry such as electrical insulators and laboratory ware. In art history and archaeology, especially of ancient and prehistoric periods, pottery often means vessels only, and sculpted figurines of the same material are called terracottas. Pottery is one of the oldest human inventions, originating before the Neolithic period, with ceramic objects such as the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic dating back to 29,000–25,000 BC,[2] and pottery vessels that were discovered in Jiangxi, China, which date back to 18,000 BC. Early Neolithic and pre-Neolithic pottery artifacts have been found, in Jōmon Japan (10,500 BC),[3] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[4] Sub-Saharan Africa (9,400 BC),[5] South America (9,000s–7,000s BC),[6] and the Middle East (7,000s–6,000s BC). Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a desired shape and heating them to high temperatures (600–1600 °C) in a bonfire, pit or kiln, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing the strength and rigidity of the object. Much pottery is purely utilitarian, but some can also be regarded as ceramic art. An article can be decorated before or after firing. Pottery is traditionally divided into three types: earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. All three may be glazed and unglazed. All may also be decorated by various techniques. In many examples the group a piece belongs to is immediately visually apparent, but this is not always the case; for example fritware uses no or little clay, so falls outside these groups. Historic pottery of all these types is often grouped as either `fine` wares, relatively expensive and well-made, and following the aesthetic taste of the culture concerned, or alternatively `coarse`, `popular`, `folk` or `village` wares, mostly undecorated, or simply so, and often less well-made. Cooking in pottery became less popular once metal pots became available,[7] but is still used for dishes that benefit from the qualities of pottery cooking, typically slow cooking in an oven, such as biryani, cassoulet, daube, tagine, jollof rice, kedjenou, cazuela and types of baked beans.[7] Main types[edit] Earthenware[edit] Main article: Earthenware Earthenware jar from the Neolithic Majiayao culture China, 3300 to 2000 BCE The earliest forms of pottery were made from clays that were fired at low temperatures, initially in pit-fires or in open bonfires. They were hand formed and undecorated. Earthenware can be fired as low as 600 °C, and is normally fired below 1200 °C.[8] Because unglazed earthenware is porous, it has limited utility for the storage of liquids or as tableware. However, earthenware has had a continuous history from the Neolithic period to today. It can be made from a wide variety of clays, some of which fire to a buff, brown or black colour, with iron in the constituent minerals resulting in a reddish-brown. Reddish coloured varieties are called terracotta, especially when unglazed or used for sculpture. The development of ceramic glaze made impermeable pottery possible, improving the popularity and practicality of pottery vessels. Decoration has evolved and developed through history. Stoneware[edit] Main article: Stoneware 15th-century Japanese stoneware storage jar, with partial ash glaze Stoneware is pottery that has been fired in a kiln at a relatively high temperature, from about 1,100 °C to 1,200 °C, and is stronger and non-porous to liquids.[9] The Chinese, who developed stoneware very early on, classify this together with porcelain as high-fired wares. In contrast, stoneware could only be produced in Europe from the late Middle Ages, as European kilns were less efficient, and the right type of clay less common. It remained a speciality of Germany until the Renaissance.[10] Stoneware is very tough and practical, and much of it has always been utilitarian, for the kitchen or storage rather than the table. But `fine` stoneware has been important in China, Japan and the West, and continues to be made. Many utilitarian types have also come to be appreciated as art. Porcelain[edit] Main article: Porcelain Contemporary porcelain plate by Sèvres Porcelain is made by heating materials, generally including kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 and 1,400 °C (2,200 and 2,600 °F). This is higher than used for the other types, and achieving these temperatures was a long struggle, as well as realizing what materials were needed. The toughness, strength and translucence of porcelain, relative to other types of pottery, arises mainly from vitrification and the formation of the mineral mullite within the body at these high temperatures. Although porcelain was first made in China, the Chinese traditionally do not recognise it as a distinct category, grouping it with stoneware as `high-fired` ware, opposed to `low-fired` earthenware. This confuses the issue of when it was first made. A degree of translucency and whiteness was achieved by the Tang dynasty (AD 618–906), and considerable quantities were being exported. The modern level of whiteness was not reached until much later, in the 14th century. Porcelain was also made in Korea and in Japan from the end of the 16th century, after suitable kaolin was located in those countries. It was not made effectively outside East Asia until the 18th century.[11] Archaeology[edit] Archaeologist cleaning an early mediaeval pottery sherd from Chodlik, Poland. The study of pottery can help to provide an insight into past cultures. Fabric analysis (see section below), used to analyse the fabric of pottery, is important part of archaeology for understanding the archaeological culture of the excavated site by studying the fabric of artifacts, such as their usage, source material composition, decorative pattern, color of patterns, etc. This helps to understand characteristics, sophistication, habits, technology, tools, trade, etc. of the people who made and used the pottery. Carbon dating reveals the age. Sites with similar pottery characteristics have the same culture, those sites which have distinct cultural characteristics but with some overlap are indicative of cultural exchange such as trade or living in vicinity or continuity of habitation, etc. Examples are black and red ware, redware, Sothi-Siswal culture and Painted Grey Ware culture. The six fabrics of Kalibangan is a good example of use of fabric analysis in identifying a differentiated culture which was earlier thought to be typical Indus Valley civilisation (IVC) culture. Pottery is durable, and fragments, at least, often survive long after artifacts made from less-durable materials have decayed past recognition. Combined with other evidence, the study of pottery artefacts is helpful in the development of theories on the organisation, economic condition and the cultural development of the societies that produced or acquired pottery. The study of pottery may also allow inferences to be drawn about a culture`s daily life, religion, social relationships, attitudes towards neighbours, attitudes to their own world and even the way the culture understood the universe. Terracotta Army following excavation It is valuable to look into pottery as an archaeological record of potential interaction between peoples. When pottery is placed within the context of linguistic and migratory patterns, it becomes an even more prevalent category of social artifact.[12] As proposed by Olivier P. Gosselain, it is possible to understand ranges of cross-cultural interaction by looking closely at the chaîne opératoire of ceramic production.[13] The methods used to produce pottery in early Sub-Saharan Africa are divisible into three categories: techniques visible to the eye (decoration, firing and post-firing techniques), techniques related to the materials (selection or processing of clay, etc.), and techniques of molding or fashioning the clay.[13] These three categories can be used to consider the implications of the reoccurrence of a particular sort of pottery in different areas. Generally, the techniques that are easily visible (the first category of those mentioned above) are thus readily imitated, and may indicate a more distant connection between groups, such as trade in the same market or even relatively close settlements.[13] Techniques that require more studied replication (i.e., the selection of clay and the fashioning of clay) may indicate a closer connection between peoples, as these methods are usually only transmissible between potters and those otherwise directly involved in production.[13] Such a relationship requires the ability of the involved parties to communicate effectively, implying pre-existing norms of contact or a shared language between the two. Thus, the patterns of technical diffusion in pot-making that are visible via archaeological findings also reveal patterns in societal interaction. Chronologies based on pottery are often essential for dating non-literate cultures and are often of help in the dating of historic cultures as well. Trace-element analysis, mostly by neutron activation, allows the sources of clay to be accurately identified and the thermoluminescence test can be used to provide an estimate of the date of last firing. Examining sherds from prehistory, scientists learned that during high-temperature firing, iron materials in clay record the state of the Earth`s magnetic field at that moment. Fabric analysis[edit] The `clay body` is also called the `paste` or the `fabric`, which consists of 2 things, the `clay matrix` – composed of grains of less than 0.02 mm grains which can be seen using the high-powered microscopes or a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the `clay inclusions` – which are larger grains of clay and could be seen with the naked eye or a low-power binocular microscope. For geologists, fabric analysis means spatial arrangement of minerals in a rock. For Archaeologists, the `fabric analysis` of pottery entails the study of clay matrix and inclusions in the clay body as well as the firing temperature and conditions. Analysis is done to examine the following 3 in detail:[14] How pottery was made e.g. material, design such as shape and style, etc. Its decorations, such as patterns, colors of patterns, slipped (glazing) or unslipped decoration Evidence of type of use. The Six fabrics of Kalibangan is a good example of fabric analysis. Clay bodies and raw materials[edit] Preparation of clay for pottery in India Removing a filter cake of porcelain body from a filter press Body, or clay body, is the material used to form pottery. Thus a potter might prepare, or order from a supplier, such an amount of earthenware body, stoneware body or porcelain body. The compositions of clay bodies varies considerably, and include both prepared and `as dug`; the former being by far the dominant type for studio and industry. The properties also vary considerably, and include plasticity and mechncial strength before firing; the firing temperature needed to mature them; properties after firing, such as permeability, mechanical strength and colour. There can be regional variations in the properties of raw materials used for pottery, and these can lead to wares that are unique in character to a locality. The main ingredient of the body is clay. Some different types used for pottery include:[15] Kaolin, is sometimes referred to as china clay because it was first used in China. Ball clay: An extremely plastic, fine grained sedimentary clay, which may contain some organic matter. Fire clay: A clay having a slightly lower percentage of fluxes than kaolin, but usually quite plastic. It is highly heat resistant form of clay which can be combined with other clays to increase the firing temperature and may be used as an ingredient to make stoneware type bodies. Stoneware clay: Suitable for creating stoneware. Has many of the characteristics between fire clay and ball clay, having finer grain, like ball clay but is more heat resistant like fire clays. Common red clay and shale clay have vegetable and ferric oxide impurities which make them useful for bricks, but are generally unsatisfactory for pottery except under special conditions of a particular deposit.[16] Bentonite: An extremely plastic clay which can be added in small quantities to short clay to increase the plasticity. It is common for clays and other raw materials to be mixed to produce clay bodies suited to specific purposes. Various mineral processing techniques are often utilised before mixing the raw materials, with comminution being effectively universal for non-clay materials. Examples of non-clay materials include: Feldspar, act as fluxes which lower the vitrification temperature of bodies. Quartz, an important role is to attenuate drying shrinkage. A section cut-through of ball mill, which are widely used to mill raw materials for pottery Nepheline syenite, an alternative to feldspar. Calcined alumina, can enhance the fired properties of a body. Chamotte, also called grog, is fired clay which it is crushed, and sometimes then milled. Helps attenuate drying shrinkage.[17] Bone ash, produced by the calcination of animal bone. A key raw material for bone china. Frit, produced made by quenching and breaking up a glass of a specific composition. Can be used at low additions in some bodies, but common uses include as components of a glaze or enamel, or for the body of fritware, when it usually mixed with larger quantities of quartz sand. Various others at low levels of addition such as dolomite, limestone, talc and wollastonite. Production[edit] The production of pottery includes the following stages: Clay body being extruded from a de-airing pug Preparing the clay body. Shaping Drying Firing Glazing and decorating. (this can be undertaken prior to firing. Also, additional firing stages after decoration may be needed.) Shaping[edit] Before being shaped, clay must be prepared. This may include kneading to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed, or de-aired, and can be accomplished either by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques, which include: Hand-building: This is the earliest forming method. Wares can be constructed by hand from coils of clay, combining flat slabs of clay, or pinching solid balls of clay or some combination of these. Parts of hand-built vessels are often joined together with the aid of slip. Some studio potters find hand-building more conducive for one-of-a-kind works of art. 0:56CC A potter using a potters wheel describes his materials (in Romanian and English) The potter`s wheel: In a process called `throwing` (coming from the Old English word thrownاا which means to twist or turn,[18]) a ball of clay is placed in the centre of a turntable, called the wheel-head, which the potter rotates with a stick, with foot power or with a variable-speed electric motor. During the process of throwing, the wheel rotates while the solid ball of soft clay is pressed, squeezed and pulled gently upwards and outwards into a hollow shape. Skill and experience are required to throw pots of an acceptable standard and, while the ware may have high artistic merit, the reproducibility of the method is poor.[19] Because of its inherent limitations, throwing can only be used to create wares with radial symmetry on a vertical axis. Press moulding: a simple technique of shaping by manually pressing a lump of clay body into a porous mould. Granulate pressing: a highly automated technique of shaping by pressing clay body in a semi-dry and granulated form in a mould. The body is pressed into the mould by a porous die through which water is pumped at high pressure. The fine, free flowing granulated body is prepared by spray drying a high-solids content slip. Granulate pressing, also known as dust pressing, is widely used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles and, increasingly, of plates. Jiggering a plate Jiggering and jolleying: These operations are carried out on the potter`s wheel and allow the time taken to bring wares to a standardized form to be reduced. Jiggering is the operation of bringing a shaped tool into contact with the plastic clay of a piece under construction, the piece itself being set on a rotating plaster mould on the wheel. The jigger tool shapes one face while the mould shapes the other. Jiggering is used only in the production of flat wares, such as plates, but a similar operation, jolleying, is used in the production of hollow-wares such as cups. Jiggering and jolleying have been used in the production of pottery since at least the 18th century. In large-scale factory production, jiggering and jolleying are usually automated, which allows the operations to be carried out by semi-skilled labour. Roller-head machine: This machine is for shaping wares on a rotating mould, as in jiggering and jolleying, but with a rotary shaping tool replacing the fixed profile. The rotary shaping tool is a shallow cone having the same diameter as the ware being formed and shaped to the desired form of the back of the article being made. Wares may in this way be shaped, using relatively unskilled labour, in one operation at a rate of about twelve pieces per minute, though this varies with the size of the articles being produced. Developed in the UK just after World War II by the company Service Engineers, roller-heads were quickly adopted by manufacturers around the world; it remains the dominant method for producing both flatware and holloware, such as plates and mugs.[20] Pressure casting: Is a development of traditional slipcasting. Specially developed polymeric materials allow a mould to be subject to application external pressures of up to 4.0 MPa – so much higher than slip casting in plaster moulds where the capillary forces correspond to a pressure of around 0.1–0.2 MPa. The high pressure leads to much faster casting rates and, hence, faster production cycles. Furthermore, the application of high pressure air through the polymeric moulds upon demoulding the cast means a new casting cycle can be started immediately in the same mould, unlike plaster moulds which require lengthy drying times. The polymeric materials have much greater durability than plaster and, therefore, it is possible to achieve shaped products with better dimensional tolerances and much longer mould life. Pressure casting was developed in the 1970s for the production of sanitaryware although, more recently, it has been applied to tableware.[21][22][23][24] RAM pressing: This is used to shape ware by pressing a bat of prepared clay body into a required shape between two porous moulding plates. After pressing, compressed air is blown through the porous mould plates to release the shaped wares. Filling a plaster mould with slip De-moulding a large vase after it has been slip cast Slip casting: This is suited to the making of shapes that cannot be formed by other methods. A liquid slip, made by mixing clay body with water, is poured into a highly absorbent plaster mould. Water from the slip is absorbed into the mould leaving a layer of clay body covering its internal surfaces and taking its internal shape. Excess slip is poured out of the mould, which is then split open and the moulded object removed. Slip casting is widely used in the production of sanitaryware and is also used for making other complex shaped ware such as teapots and figurines. Injection moulding: This is a shape-forming process adapted for the tableware industry from the method long established for the forming of thermoplastic and some metal components.[25] It has been called Porcelain Injection Moulding, or PIM.[26] Suited to the mass production of complex-shaped articles, one significant advantage of the technique is that it allows the production of a cup, including the handle, in a single process, and thereby eliminates the handle-fixing operation and produces a stronger bond between cup and handle.[27] The feed to the mould die is a mix of approximately 50 to 60 per cent unfired body in powder form, together with 40 to 50 per cent organic additives composed of binders, lubricants and plasticisers.[26] The technique is not as widely used as other shaping methods.[28] 3D printing: There are two methods. One involves the layered deposition of soft clay body similar to fused deposition modelling (FDM), and the other uses powder binding techniques where clay body in dry powder form is fused together layer upon layer with a liquid. Injection moulding of ceramic tableware has been developed, though it has yet to be fully commercialised.[29] Drying[edit] Prior to firing the water in an article needs to be removed. A number of different stages, or conditions of the article, can be identified: Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form (as they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling). Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state. Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. At that moisture content, the item is ready to be fired. Additionally, the piece is extremely fragile at this stage and must be handled with care. Firing[edit] A modern tunnel kiln Firing produces permanent and irreversible changes in the body. It is only after firing that the article or material is pottery. In lower-fired pottery, the changes include sintering, the fusing together of coarser particles in the body at their points of contact with each other. In the case of porcelain, where higher firing-temperatures are used, the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the constituents in the body are greatly altered. In all cases, the reason for firing is to permanently harden the wares, and the firing regime must be appropriate to the materials used. Temperature[edit] As a rough guide, modern earthenwares are normally fired at temperatures in the range of about 1,000°C (1,830 °F) to 1,200 °C (2,190 °F); stonewares at between about 1,100 °C (2,010 °F) to 1,300 °C (2,370 °F); and porcelains at between about 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) to 1,400 °C (2,550 °F). Historically, reaching high temperatures was a long-lasting challenge, and earthenware can be fired effectively as low as 600°C, achievable in primitive pit firing. Atmosphere[edit] A bottle kiln The atmosphere within a kiln during firing can affect the appearance of the body and glaze. Key to this is the differing colours of the various oxides of iron, such as iron(III) oxide (also known as ferric oxide or Fe2O3) which is associated with brown-red colours, whilst iron(II) oxide (also known as ferrous oxide or FeO) is associated with much darker colours, including black. The oxygen concentration in the kiln influences the type, and relative proportions, of these iron oxides in fired the body and glaze: for example, where there is a lack of oxygen during firing the associated carbon monoxide (CO) will readily react with oxygen in Fe2O3 in the raw materials and cause it to be reduced to FeO.[30][31] An oxygen deficient condition, called a reducing atmosphere, is generated by preventing the complete combustion of the kiln fuel; this is achieved by deliberately restricting the supply of air or by supplying an excess of fuel.[30][31] Methods[edit] Firing pottery can be done using a variety of methods, with a kiln being the usual firing method. Both the maximum temperature and the duration of firing influences the final characteristics of the ceramic. Thus, the maximum temperature within a kiln is often held constant for a period of time to soak the wares to produce the maturity required in the body of the wares. Kilns may be heated by burning combustible materials, such as wood, coal and gas, or by electricity. The use of microwave energy has been investigated.[32] When used as fuels, coal and wood can introduce smoke, soot and ash into the kiln which can affect the appearance of unprotected wares. For this reason, wares fired in wood- or coal-fired kilns are often placed in the kiln in saggars, ceramic boxes, to protect them. Modern kilns fuelled by gas or electricity are cleaner and more easily controlled than older wood- or coal-fired kilns and often allow shorter firing times to be used. Niche techniques include: Pottery firing mound in Kalabougou, Mali. Much of the earliest pottery would have been fired in a similar fashion In a Western adaptation of traditional Japanese Raku ware firing, wares are removed from the kiln while hot and smothered in ashes, paper or woodchips which produces a distinctive carbonised appearance. This technique is also used in Malaysia in creating traditional labu sayung.[33][34] In Mali, a firing mound is used rather than a brick or stone kiln. Unfired pots are first brought to the place where a mound will be built, customarily by the women and girls of the village. The mound`s foundation is made by placing sticks on the ground, then: [...] pots are positioned on and amid the branches and then grass is piled high to complete the mound. Although the mound contains the pots of many women, who are related through their husbands` extended families, each women is responsible for her own or her immediate family`s pots within the mound. When a mound is completed and the ground around has been swept clean of residual combustible material, a senior potter lights the fire. A handful of grass is lit and the woman runs around the circumference of the mound touching the burning torch to the dried grass. Some mounds are still being constructed as others are already burning.[35] Stages[edit] Biscuit (or bisque)[36][37] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as `bisque fired` or `biscuit fired`. This firing results in both chemical and physical changes to the minerals of the clay body. Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making, or glost fired.[19] A glaze may be applied to the biscuit ware and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is `glazed fired`, which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. Depending on the temperature schedule the glaze firing may also further mature the body as chemical and physical changes continue. Decorating[edit] Pottery may be decorated in many different ways. Some decoration can be done before or after the firing, and may be undertaken before or after glazing. Methods[edit] Hand painting a vase Painting has been used since early prehistoric times, and can be very elaborate. The painting is often applied to pottery that has been fired once, and may then be overlaid with a glaze afterwards. Many pigments change colour when fired, and the painter must allow for this. Glaze: Perhaps the most common form of decoration, that also serves as protection to the pottery, by being tougher and keeping liquid from penetrating the pottery. Glaze may be colourless, especially over painting, or coloured and opaque. Crystalline glaze: acharacterised by crystalline clusters of various shapes and colours embedded in a more uniform and opaque glaze. Produced by the slow cooling of the glost fire. Carving: Pottery vessels may be decorated by shallow carving of the clay body, typically with a knife or similar instrument used on the wheel. This is common in Chinese porcelain of the classic periods. Burnishing: The surface of pottery wares may be burnished prior to firing by rubbing with a suitable instrument of wood, steel or stone to produce a polished finish that survives firing. It is possible to produce very highly polished wares when fine clays are used or when the polishing is carried out on wares that have been partially dried and contain little water, though wares in this condition are extremely fragile and the risk of breakage is high. Terra Sigillata is an ancient form of decorating ceramics that was first developed in Ancient Greece. Lithography, also called litho, although the alternative names of transfer print or `decal` are also common. These are used to apply designs to articles. The litho comprises three layers: the colour, or image, layer which comprises the decorative design; the cover coat, a clear protective layer, which may incorporate a low-melting glass; and the backing paper on which the design is printed by screen printing or lithography. There are various methods of transferring the design while removing the backing-paper, some of which are suited to machine application. Banding is the application by hand or by machine of a band of colour to the edge of a plate or cup. Also known as `lining`, this operation is often carried out on a potter`s wheel. Agateware: named after its resemblance to the mineral agate. Is produced by parially blending clays of differing colours. In Japan the term `neriage` is used, whilst in China, where such things have been made since at least the Tang Dynasty, they are called `marbled` wares. Engobe: a clay slip is used to coat the surface of pottery, usually before firing. Its purpose is often decorative though it can also be used to mask undesirable features in the clay to which it is applied. The engobe may be applied by painting or by dipping to provide a uniform, smooth, coating. Such decoration is characteristic of slipware. For sgraffito decoration a layer of engobe is scratched through to reveal the underlying clay. Gold: Decoration with gold is used on some high quality ware. Different methods exist for its application, including: Burnishing a plate`s gold decoration Best gold – a suspension of gold powder in essential oils mixed with a flux and a mercury salt extended. This can be applied by a painting technique. From the kiln, the decoration is dull and requires burnishing to reveal the full colour Acid Gold – a form of gold decoration developed in the early 1860s at the English factory of Mintons Ltd. The glazed surface is etched with diluted hydrofluoric acid prior to application of the gold. The process demands great skill and is used for the decoration only of ware of the highest class. Bright Gold – consists of a solution of gold sulphoresinate together with other metal resonates and a flux. The name derives from the appearance of the decoration immediately after removal from the kiln as it requires no burnishing Mussel Gold – an old method of gold decoration. It was made by rubbing together gold leaf, sugar and salt, followed by washing to remove solubles Underglaze decoration is applied, by a number of techniques, onto ware before it is glazed, an example is blue and white wares. Can be applied by a number of techniques. In-glaze decoration, is applied on the surface of the glaze before the glost firing. On-glaze decoration is applied on top of the already fired, glazed surface, and then fixed in a second firing at a relatively low temperature. Glazing[edit] Main article: Ceramic glaze Spraying glaze onto a vase Glaze is a glassy coating on pottery, and reasons to use one includes decoration, ensure the item is impermeable to liquids and minimise the adherence of pollutants. Glaze may be applied by spraying, dipping, trailing or brushing on an aqueous suspension of the unfired glaze. The colour of a glaze after it has been fired may be significantly different from before firing. To prevent glazed wares sticking to kiln furniture during firing, either a small part of the object being fired (for example, the foot) is left unglazed or, alternatively, special refractory `spurs` are used as supports. These are removed and discarded after the firing. Some specialised glazing techniques include: Salt-glazing - common salt is introduced to the kiln during the firing process. The high temperatures cause the salt to volatilise, depositing it on the surface of the ware to react with the body to form a sodium aluminosilicate glaze. In the 17th and 18th centuries, salt-glazing was used in the manufacture of domestic pottery. Now, except for use by some studio potters, the process is obsolete. The last large-scale application before its demise in the face of environmental clean air restrictions was in the production of salt-glazed sewer-pipes.[38][39] Ash glazed jar from 9th century Japan Ash glazing – ash from the combustion of plant matter has been used as the flux component of glazes. The source of the ash was generally the combustion waste from the fuelling of kilns although the potential of ash derived from arable crop wastes has been investigated.[40] Ash glazes are of historical interest in the Far East although there are reports of small-scale use in other locations such as the Catawba Valley Pottery in the United States. They are now limited to small numbers of studio potters who value the unpredictability arising from the variable nature of the raw material.[41] Health and environmental issues[edit] Although many of the environmental effects of pottery production have existed for millennia, some of these have been amplified with modern technology and scales of production. The principal factors for consideration fall into two categories: Effects on workers. Notable risks include silicosis, heavy metal poisoning, poor indoor air quality, dangerous sound levels and possible over-illumination. Effects on the general environment. Historically, lead poisoning (plumbism) was a significant health concern to those glazing pottery. This was recognised at least as early as the nineteenth century. The first legislation in the UK to limit pottery workers` exposure to lead was included in the Factories Act Extension Act in 1864, with further introduced in 1899.[42][43] Silicosis is an occupational lung disease caused by inhaling large amounts of crystalline silica dust, usually over many years. Workers in the ceramic industry can develop it due to exposure to silica dust in the raw materials; colloquially it has been known as `Potter`s rot`. Less than 10 years after its introduction, in 1720, as a raw material to the British ceramics industry the negative effects of calcined flint on the lungs of workers had been noted.[44] In one study reported in 2022, of 106 UK pottery workers 55 per cent had at least some stage of silicosis.[45][46][47] Exposure to siliceous dusts is reduced by either processing and using the source materials as aqueous suspension or as damp solids, or by the use of dust control measures such as Local exhaust ventilation. These have been mandated by legislation, such as The Pottery (Health and Welfare) Special Regulations 1950.[48][49] The Health and Safety Executive in the UK has produced guidelines on controlling exposure to respirable crystalline silica in potteries, and the British Ceramics Federation provide, as a free download, a guidance booklet. Environmental concerns include off-site water pollution, air pollution, disposal of hazardous materials, disposal of rejected ware and fuel consumption.[50] History[edit] Main article: Ceramic art § History A great part of the history of pottery is prehistoric, part of past pre-literate cultures. Therefore, much of this history can only be found among the artifacts of archaeology. Because pottery is so durable, pottery and shards of pottery survive for millennia at archaeological sites, and are typically the most common and important type of artifact to survive. Many prehistoric cultures are named after the pottery that is the easiest way to identify their sites, and archaeologists develop the ability to recognise different types from the chemistry of small shards. Before pottery becomes part of a culture, several conditions must generally be met. First, there must be usable clay available. Archaeological sites where the earliest pottery was found were near deposits of readily available clay that could be properly shaped and fired. China has large deposits of a variety of clays, which gave them an advantage in early development of fine pottery. Many countries have large deposits of a variety of clays. Second, it must be possible to heat the pottery to temperatures that will achieve the transformation from raw clay to ceramic. Methods to reliably create fires hot enough to fire pottery did not develop until late in the development of cultures. Third, the potter must have time available to prepare, shape and fire the clay into pottery. Even after control of fire was achieved, humans did not seem to develop pottery until a sedentary life was achieved. It has been hypothesized that pottery was developed only after humans established agriculture, which led to permanent settlements. However, the oldest known pottery is from the Czech Republic and dates to 28,000 BC, at the height of the most recent ice age, long before the beginnings of agriculture. Fourth, there must be a sufficient need for pottery in order to justify the resources required for its production.[51] Early pottery An Incipient Jōmon pottery vessel reconstructed from fragments (10,000–8,000 BC), Tokyo National Museum, Japan Methods of forming: Hand-shaping was the earliest method used to form vessels. This included the combination of pinching and coiling. Firing: The earliest method for firing pottery wares was the use of bonfires pit fired pottery. Firing times might be short but the peak-temperatures achieved in the fire could be high, perhaps in the region of 900 °C (1,650 °F), and were reached very quickly.[52] Clay: Early potters used whatever clay was available to them in their geographic vicinity. However, the lowest quality common red clay was adequate for low-temperature fires used for the earliest pots. Clays tempered with sand, grit, crushed shell or crushed pottery were often used to make bonfire-fired ceramics because they provided an open-body texture that allowed water and volatile components of the clay to escape freely. The coarser particles in the clay also acted to restrain shrinkage during drying, and hence reduce the risk of cracking. Form: In the main, early bonfire-fired wares were made with rounded bottoms to avoid sharp angles that might be susceptible to cracking. Glazing: the earliest pots were not glazed. The potter`s wheel was invented in Mesopotamia sometime between 6,000 and 4,000 BC (Ubaid period), and revolutionised pottery production. Moulds were used to a limited extent as early as the 5th and 6th century BC by the Etruscans[53] and more extensively by the Romans.[54] Slipcasting, a popular method for shaping irregular shaped articles. It was first practised, to a limited extent, in China as early as the Tang dynasty.[55] Transition to kilns: The earliest intentionally constructed were pit-kilns or trench-kilns, holes dug in the ground and covered with fuel. Holes in the ground provided insulation and resulted in better control over firing.[56] Kilns: Pit fire methods were adequate for simple earthenware, but other pottery types needed more sophisticated kilns. History by region[edit] Beginnings of pottery[edit] Xianren Cave pottery fragments, radiocarbon dated to circa 18,000 BC, China[57][58] Pottery bowl from Jarmo, Mesopotamia, 7100–5800 BC. Pottery may well have been discovered independently in various places, probably by accidentally creating it at the bottom of fires on a clay soil. The earliest-known ceramic objects are Gravettian figurines such as those discovered at Dolní Věstonice in the modern-day Czech Republic. The Venus of Dolní Věstonice is a Venus figurine, a statuette of a nude female figure dated to 29,000–25,000 BC (Gravettian industry).[2] But there is no evidence of pottery vessels from this period. Weights for looms or fishing-nets are a very common use for the earliest pottery. Sherds have been found in China and Japan from a period between 12,000 and perhaps as long as 18,000 years ago.[4][59] As of 2012, the earliest pottery vessels found anywhere in the world,[60] dating to 20,000 to 19,000 years before the present, was found at Xianrendong Cave in the Jiangxi province of China.[61][62] Other early pottery vessels include those excavated from the Yuchanyan Cave in southern China, dated from 16,000 BC,[59] and those found in the Amur River basin in the Russian Far East, dated from 14,000 BC.[4][63] The Odai Yamamoto I site, belonging to the Jōmon period, currently has the oldest pottery in Japan. Excavations in 1998 uncovered earthenware fragments which have been dated as early as 14,500 BC.[64] The term `Jōmon` means `cord-marked` in Japanese. This refers to the markings made on the vessels and figures using sticks with cords during their production. Recent research has elucidated how Jōmon pottery was used by its creators.[65] It appears that pottery was independently developed in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 10th millennium BC, with findings dating to at least 9,400 BC from central Mali,[5] and in South America during the 9,000s–7,000s BC.[66][6] The Malian finds date to the same period as similar finds from East Asia – the triangle between Siberia, China and Japan – and are associated in both regions to the same climatic changes (at the end of the ice age new grassland develops, enabling hunter-gatherers to expand their habitat), met independently by both cultures with similar developments: the creation of pottery for the storage of wild cereals (pearl millet), and that of small arrowheads for hunting small game typical of grassland.[5] Alternatively, the creation of pottery in the case of the Incipient Jōmon civilisation could be due to the intensive exploitation of freshwater and marine organisms by late glacial foragers, who started developing ceramic containers for their catch.[65] East Asia[edit] Main articles: Chinese ceramics, Korean pottery, and Japanese pottery Chinese Ming dynasty blue-and-white porcelain dish with a dragon Group of 13th-century pieces of Longquan celadon In Japan, the Jōmon period has a long history of development of Jōmon pottery which was characterized by impressions of rope on the surface of the pottery created by pressing rope into the clay before firing. Glazed Stoneware was being created as early as the 15th century BC in China. A form of Chinese porcelain became a significant Chinese export from the Tang Dynasty (AD 618–906) onwards.[9] Korean potters adopted porcelain as early as the 14th century AD.[67] Japanese porcelain was made in the early 16th century after Shonzui Goradoyu-go brought back the secret of its manufacture from the Chinese kilns at Jingdezhen.[68] In contrast to Europe, the Chinese elite used pottery extensively at table, for religious purposes, and for decoration, and the standards of fine pottery were very high. From the Song dynasty (960–1279) for several centuries elite taste favoured plain-coloured and exquisitely formed pieces; during this period porcelain was perfected in Ding ware, although it was the only one of the Five Great Kilns of the Song period to use it. The traditional Chinese category of high-fired wares includes stoneware types such as Ru ware, Longquan celadon and Guan ware. Painted wares such as Cizhou ware had a lower status, though they were acceptable for making pillows. The arrival of Chinese blue and white porcelain was probably a product of the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) dispersing artists and craftsmen across its large empire. Both the cobalt stains used for the blue colour, and the style of painted decoration, usually based on plant shapes, were initially borrowed from the Islamic world, which the Mongols had also conquered. At the same time Jingdezhen porcelain, produced in Imperial factories, took the undisputed leading role in production. The new elaborately painted style was now favoured at court, and gradually more colours were added. The secret of making such porcelain was sought in the Islamic world and later in Europe when examples were imported from the East. Many attempts were made to imitate it in Italy and France. However it was not produced outside of the Orient until 1709 in Germany.[69] South Asia[edit] See also: Pottery in the Indian subcontinent A potter with his pottery wheel, British Raj (1910) Cord-Impressed style pottery belongs to `Mesolithic` ceramic tradition that developed among Vindhya hunter-gatherers in Central India during the Mesolithic period.[70][71] This ceramic style is also found in later Proto-Neolithic phase in nearby regions.[72] This early type of pottery, also found at the site of Lahuradewa, is currently the oldest known pottery tradition in South Asia, dating back to 7,000–6,000 BC.[73][74][75][76] Wheel-made pottery began to be made during the Mehrgarh Period II (5,500–4,800 BC) and Merhgarh Period III (4,800–3,500 BC), known as the ceramic Neolithic and chalcolithic. Pottery, including items known as the ed-Dur vessels, originated in regions of the Saraswati River / Indus River and have been found in a number of sites in the Indus Civilization.[77][78] Despite an extensive prehistoric record of pottery, including painted wares, little `fine` or luxury pottery was made in the subcontinent in historic times. Hinduism discourages eating off pottery, which probably largely accounts for this. Most traditional Indian pottery vessels are large pots or jars for storage, or small cups or lamps, occasionally treated as disposable. In contrast there are long traditions of sculpted figures, often rather large, in terracotta; this continues with the Bankura horses in Panchmura, West Bengal. Southeast Asia[edit] See also: Philippine ceramics Late Neolithic Manunggul Jar from Palawan used for burial, topped with two figures representing the journey of the soul into the afterlife. Pottery in Southeast Asia is as diverse as its ethnic groups. Each ethnic group has their own set of standards when it comes to pottery arts. Potteries are made due to various reasons, such as trade, food and beverage storage, kitchen usage, religious ceremonies, and burial purposes.[79][80][81][82] West Asia[edit] See also: Levantine pottery, Persian pottery, and Pottery of ancient Cyprus Around 8000 BC during the Pre-pottery Neolithic period, and before the invention of pottery, several early settlements became experts in crafting beautiful and highly sophisticated containers from stone, using materials such as alabaster or granite, and employing sand to shape and polish. Artisans used the veins in the material to maximum visual effect. Such objects have been found in abundance on the upper Euphrates river, in what is today eastern Syria, especially at the site of Bouqras.[83] The earliest history of pottery production in the Fertile Crescent starts the Pottery Neolithic and can be divided into four periods, namely: the Hassuna period (7000–6500 BC), the Halaf period (6500–5500 BC), the Ubaid period (5500–4000 BC), and the Uruk period (4000–3100 BC). By about 5000 BC pottery-making was becoming widespread across the region, and spreading out from it to neighbouring areas. Pottery making began in the 7th millennium BC. The earliest forms, which were found at the Hassuna site, were hand formed from slabs, undecorated, unglazed low-fired pots made from reddish-brown clays.[56] Within the next millennium, wares were decorated with elaborate painted designs and natural forms, incising and burnished. Earthenware Ubaid jar. c. 5,300-4,700 BCE The invention of the potter`s wheel in Mesopotamia sometime between 6,000 and 4,000 BC (Ubaid period) revolutionised pottery production. Newer kiln designs could fire wares to 1,050 °C (1,920 °F) to 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) which enabled increased possibilities. Production was now carried out by small groups of potters for small cities, rather than individuals making wares for a family. The shapes and range of uses for ceramics and pottery expanded beyond simple vessels to store and carry to specialized cooking utensils, pot stands and rat traps.[84] As the region developed, new organizations and political forms, pottery became more elaborate and varied. Some wares were made using moulds, allowing for increased production for the needs of the growing populations. Glazing was commonly used and pottery was more decorated.[85] In the Chalcolithic period in Mesopotamia, Halafian pottery achieved a level of technical competence and sophistication, not seen until the later developments of Greek pottery with Corinthian and Attic ware. Europe[edit] Main articles: Minoan pottery, Pottery of ancient Greece, and Ancient Roman pottery Greek red-figure vase in the krater shape, between 470 and 460 BC, by the Altamura Painter Europe`s oldest pottery, dating from circa 6700 BC, was found on the banks of the Samara River in the middle Volga region of Russia.[86] These sites are known as the Yelshanka culture. The early inhabitants of Europe developed pottery in the Linear Pottery culture slightly later than the Near East, circa 5500–4500 BC. In the ancient Western Mediterranean elaborately painted earthenware reached very high levels of artistic achievement in the Greek world; there are large numbers of survivals from tombs. Minoan pottery was characterized by complex painted decoration with natural themes.[87] The classical Greek culture began to emerge around 1000 BC featuring a variety of well crafted pottery which now included the human form as a decorating motif. The pottery wheel was now in regular use. Although glazing was known to these potters, it was not widely used. Instead, a more porous clay slip was used for decoration. A wide range of shapes for different uses developed early and remained essentially unchanged during Greek history.[88] Fine Etruscan pottery was heavily influenced by Greek pottery and often imported Greek potters and painters. Ancient Roman pottery made much less use of painting, but used moulded decoration, allowing industrialized production on a huge scale. Much of the so-called red Samian ware of the Early Roman Empire was produced in modern Germany and France, where entrepreneurs established large potteries. Excavations at Augusta Raurica, near Basel, Switzerland, have revealed a pottery production site in use from the 1st to the 4th century AD.[89] Pottery was hardly seen on the tables of elites from Hellenistic times until the Renaissance, and most medieval wares were coarse and utilitarian, as the elites ate off metal vessels. Painted Hispano-Moresque ware from Spain, developing the styles of Islamic Spain, became a luxury for late medieval elites, and was adapted in Italy into maiolica in the Italian Renaissance. Both of these were faience or tin-glazed earthenware, and fine faience continued to be made until around 1800 in various countries, especially France, with Nevers faience and several other centres. In the 17th century, imports of Chinese export porcelain and its Japanese equivalent raised the market expectations of fine pottery, and European manufacturers eventually learned to make porcelain, often in the form of soft-paste porcelain, and from the 18th century European porcelain and other wares from a great number of producers became extremely popular, reducing Asian imports. United Kingdom[edit] Main articles: Wedgwood, Staffordshire figure, Royal Doulton, Mintons, Midwinter Pottery, and Spode Handpainted bone china cup. England, 1815–1820 The city of Stoke-on-Trent is widely known as `The Potteries` because of the large number of pottery factories or, colloquially, `Pot Banks`. It was one of the first industrial cities of the modern era where, as early as 1785, two hundred pottery manufacturers employed 20,000 workers.[90][91] Josiah Wedgwood (1730–1795) was the dominant leader.[92] In North Staffordshire hundreds of companies produced all kinds of pottery, from tablewares and decorative pieces to industrial items. The main pottery types of earthenware, stoneware and porcelain were all made in large quantities, and the Staffordshire industry was a major innovator in developing new varieties of ceramic bodies such as bone china and jasperware, as well as pioneering transfer printing and other glazing and decorating techniques. In general Staffordshire was strongest in the middle and low price ranges, though the finest and most expensive types of wares were also made.[93] By the late 18th century North Staffordshire was the largest producer of ceramics in the UK, despite significant hubs elsewhere. Large export markets took Staffordshire pottery around the world, especially in the 19th century.[94] Production had begun to decline in the late 19th century, as other countries developed their industries, and declined notably after World War II. Employment fell from 45,000 in 1975 to 23,000 in 1991, and 13,000 in 2002.[95] Islamic pottery[edit] Main articles: Islamic pottery and Persian pottery Early Islamic pottery followed the forms of the regions which the Muslims conquered. Eventually, however, there was cross-fertilization between the regions. This was most notable in the Chinese influences on Islamic pottery. Trade between China and Islam took place via the system of trading posts over the lengthy Silk Road. Islamic nations imported stoneware and later porcelain from China. China imported the minerals for Cobalt blue from the Islamic ruled Persia to decorate their blue and white porcelain, which they then exported to the Islamic world. Likewise, Islamic art contributed to a lasting pottery form identified as Hispano-Moresque in Andalucia (Islamic Spain). Unique Islamic forms were also developed, including fritware, lusterware and specialized glazes like tin-glazing, which led to the development of the popular maiolica.[96] One major emphasis in ceramic development in the Muslim world was the use of tile and decorative tilework. Bowl painted on slip under transparent glaze (polychrome), 9th or 10th century, Nishapur. National Museum of Iran Persian mina`i ware bowl with couple in a garden, around 1200. These wares are the first to use overglaze enamel decoration. Persian mina`i ware bowl with couple in a garden, around 1200. These wares are the first to use overglaze enamel decoration. Chess set (Shatrang); Gaming pieces. 12th century, Nishapur glazed fritware. Metropolitan Museum of Art Americas[edit] Main article: Ceramics of indigenous peoples of the Americas Earthenware effigy of the Sun God. Maya culture, 500–700 CE Most evidence points to an independent development of pottery in the Native American cultures, with the earliest known dates from Brazil, from 9,500 to 5,000 years ago and 7,000 to 6,000 years ago.[6] Further north in Mesoamerica, dates begin with the Archaic Era (3500–2000 BC), and into the Formative period (2000 BC – AD 200). These cultures did not develop the stoneware, porcelain or glazes found in the Old World. Maya ceramics include finely painted vessels, usually beakers, with elaborate scenes with several figures and texts. Several cultures, beginning with the Olmec, made terracotta sculpture, and sculptural pieces of humans or animals that are also vessels are produced in many places, with Moche portrait vessels among the finest. Africa[edit] Faience lotiform chalice. Egypt 1070–664 BCE (reconstructed from eight fragments) Evidence indicates an independent invention of pottery in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2007, Swiss archaeologists discovered pieces of some of the oldest pottery in Africa at Ounjougou in the central region of Mali, dating to at least 9,400 BC.[5] Excavations in the Bosumpra Cave on the Kwahu Plateau in southeastern Ghana, have revealed well-manufactured pottery decorated with channelling and impressed peigne fileté rigide dating from the early tenth millennium cal. BC.[97] Following the emergence of pottery traditions in the Ounjougou region of Mali around 11,900 BP and in the Bosumpra region of Ghana soon after, ceramics later arrived in the Iho Eleru region of Nigeria.[98] In later periods, a relationship of the introduction of pot-making in some parts of Sub-Saharan Africa with the spread of Bantu languages has been long recognized, although the details remain controversial and awaiting further research, and no consensus has been reached.[12] Ancient Egyptian pottery begins after 5,000 BC, having spread from the Levant. There were many distinct phases of development in pottery, with very sophisticated wares being produced by the Naqada III period, c. 3,200 to 3,000 BC. During the early Mediterranean civilizations of the fertile crescent, Egypt developed a non-clay-based ceramic known as Egyptian faience. A similar type of body is still made in Jaipur in India. During the Umayyad Caliphate of Islam, Egypt was a link between early centre of Islam in the Near East and Iberia which led to the impressive style of pottery. Oceania[edit] Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia Pottery has been found in archaeological sites across the islands of Oceania. It is attributed to an ancient archaeological culture called the Lapita. Another form of pottery called Plainware is found throughout sites of Oceania. The relationship between Lapita pottery and Plainware is not altogether clear. The Indigenous Australians never developed pottery.[99] After Europeans came to Australia and settled, they found deposits of clay which were analysed by English potters as excellent for making pottery. Less than 20 years later, Europeans came to Australia and began creating pottery. Since then, ceramic manufacturing, mass-produced pottery and studio pottery have flourished in Australia.[100] vajanje vajarstvo skulpture keramika pravljenje posuda od gline grnčarstvo ...